Giarmata (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈdʒjarmata]; until 1925 Iermata Timișană; Hungarian: Temesgyarmat; German: Jahrmarkt; Serbian: Ђармата, romanized: Đarmata) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Cerneteaz and Giarmata (commune seat).

Giarmata commune is situated in the central part of Timiș County, on the edge of the Vinga Plain—an area that transitions between the Lipova Hills and a low-lying plain—approximately 12 km northeast of Timișoara. It shares borders with Pișchia commune to the north, Remetea Mare commune to the east, the administrative territories of Ghiroda and Dumbrăvița communes to the southeast, and Sânandrei commune to the west.

The territory of Giarmata commune lies within Romania's Western Plain, which represents the easternmost section of the Tisa Plain and forms part of the larger Pannonian Depression. As such, the entire commune is situated in a predominantly flat landscape, occasionally marked by shallow depressions, sand dunes, or fluvial sandbanks.

The Timiș Plain is largely a recent floodplain, shaped by the Bega, Timiș, and their various tributaries and branches. Until the early 19th century, the frequent shifting of these waterways gave the area a marshy character. It was only after extensive hydro-reclamation works that the plain took on its current form. Today, the alluvial plain of the Timiș can be divided into three sectors based on its recent evolution and the effects of land improvement: the reclaimed Beghei Plain, the reclaimed Bârzava Plain, and the Timiș Island Plain.

Giarmata commune lies primarily within the Timiș Island Plain, with a portion extending into the reclaimed Beghei Plain. This area is characterized as an alluvial plain formed by fluvio-lacustrine subsidence, where riverbeds—elevated by heavy deposits of alluvium—are suspended above the surrounding land. Between these elevated beds lie low-lying, marshy areas where the groundwater is close to the surface. The terrain has an altitude ranging from 84 to 90 meters, with a very gentle slope—generally less than 17°—which historically contributed to the meandering paths of rivers (now straightened and dammed). The microrelief features predominantly negative landforms, such as elongated microdepressions, both open and closed.

The total length of cadastral watercourses within the territory of Giarmata commune is 14.84 km. The surface water bodies (rivers) in the area include:

In addition, the total perimeter of cadastral lakes in Giarmata commune is 1.291 km, represented by the Giarmata Reservoir, which is situated within the Behela River basin.

Phytogeographically, Giarmata is part of the Central European geobotanical province, with significant influence from the nearby South European geobotanical province. The region's typical vegetation is forest-steppe. However, natural vegetation has largely been altered by human activity and replaced predominantly with cultivated plants, especially cereals.