Gipmochi (Gyemo Chen or Gamochen, 'The Great Queen') is a mountain in the Lower Himalayas in south central Asia. Rising to a height of 14,523 feet (4,427 m), the mountain sits on the border between the northern Indian state of Sikkim and Bhutan. China claims Gipmochi as the China–India–Bhutan tri-junction point. Bhutan and India, however, claim that the tri-junction is 6.5 km to the north, at Batang La.

Mount Gipmochi is a Himalayan peak rising to 14,523 feet (4,427 m), on the southwestern shoulder of the Doklam plateau. The plateau is at the intersection between India, Bhutan and Tibet, and is formed by the joining of two ridges, Dongkya Range in the north and Zompelri ridge (or Jampheri ridge) in the south, via a Doka La pass in the middle.

Technically Gipmochi is part of the Zompelri ridge, which is a curved semicircular formation on the southern side of the plateau. The Dongkya Range, on the northern side, forms the dividing line between Sikkim (part of India) and the Chumbi Valley (part of Tibet), with numerous passes such as Cho La, Nathu La and Jelep La. The Doklam plateau is to the east of all these passes. In the 19th century, the existence of the plateau was not recognised, and the Dongkya Range itself was thought to be curving south and dividing into a western and an eastern branch. In the modern view, the Dongkya Range is seen to continue beyond Sikkim to the east, passing through the Batang La, Merug La and Sinche La peaks and gradually descending down to the plains.

To the west of the Mount Gipmochi and the Doklam plateau lie the headwaters of the Dichu river (also called the Jaldhaka river). The Teesta river basin of Sikkim is further west, the dividing line being a moraine at Kupup, below the Jelep La pass. A lake called Bitang Tso (or Bidan Tso, also called the Kupup Lake), just to the east of Kupup, is traditionally regarded as the origin of the Dichu river. Dichu flows southeast towards the Mount Gipmochi and turns south, entering the Bhutanese territory. A tributary of Dichu called Asam Khola rises below Mount Gipmochi on its southern shoulder, and joins Dichu near the village of Khentong.

To the northeast of Gipmochi lies the basin of the Amo Chu river, which rises in the Chumbi Valley and flows into Bhutanese territory near Sinche La. A stream called Torsa Nala (or Doklam River) issues from the Doka La pass, flowing through the Doklam valley between the Zompelri and Dongkya ridges. It joins the Amo Chu river about 8 miles downstream.

Mount Gipmochi received a prominent position in British geography of the region because it is one of the peaks visible from Darjeeling, which the British leased from the Chogyal of Sikkim in 1835 in return for an annual subsidy. They had free access to the tract around Darjeeling, but not to Sikkim proper. Numerous Himalayan peaks were however visible from Darjeeling. Surveyor Reginald Walker, who was in charge of the Eastern Himalayan survey in 1847, suggested that a suitable base line at sufficient distance can be used to measure the locations and heights of the high Himalayan peaks. After Walker's premature death, Andrew Scott Waugh, the Surveyor General of India, joined the Darjeeling survey party and fixed the positions and heights of all the visible peaks using trigonometric methods. Despite the great distance from which the peaks were measured, the positions were said to be correct to within quarter of a second in latitude and half a second in longitude.

Mount Gipmochi started appearing British maps around 1850 in the process of illustrating the travels of the noted British botanist Joseph Dalton Hooker. Hooker toured the then independent state of Sikkim to explore and collect samples of Himalayan plants. After touring the northern Sikkim (Lachung area), he returned to the then Sikkimese capital Tumlong, and along with Archibald Campbell, the superintendent of Darjeeling, attempted to go to Chumbi via the Cho La pass. The Sikkimese authorities prohibited them from entering Tibetan territory, and arrested them near the pass. Evidently, Mount Gipmochi was visible from their route, and Hooker remarked that the Dongkya Range gradually sinks into Bhutan near Gipmochi. Hooker placed Gipmochi directly on the Dongkya range, and attributed its position to Waugh. For several decades after this, the Mount Gipmochi continued to be shown on the Dongkya range despite other evidence to the contrary.

After the Hooker episode, the British signed the Treaty of Tumlong (1861) with Sikkim, bringing the state under their protectorate. All the previous restrictions on travel in Sikkim were removed. In 1864, the Anglo-Bhutan War was fought, at the end of which, through the Treaty of Sinchula, the British gained control over the present day Kalimpong district. This paved the way for a direct trade routue from Darjeeling to the Sikkim passes.