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Giuseppe Pirovani
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Giuseppe Pirovani
Giuseppe (José) Perovani Rústica (c.1759-65, Pavia/Brescia - 1835, Mexico City) was an Italian painter of the Neoclassic period. He trained in Rome, and painted altarpieces in Brescia as a young man. He painted the altarpiece (and possibly the trompe l'oeil ceiling) of the Chapel of the Blessed Bernardo Tolomei in the Santa Francesca Romana in Rome.
In 1795, he traveled to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he worked until about 1800. Following a short period in New York City, he moved to Havana, Cuba in 1801, where he completed a number of religious projects over some 14 years. The following 14 years he spent teaching at the Academia de Belles Artes de San Carlos in Mexico City, before retiring in 1829. He returned to teaching in 1834, but died the following year in Mexico City, during a cholera epidemic.
There continues to be confusion about Perovani's exact age, where he was born, and the spelling of his surname. He may have contributed to this: “In the New World, Perovani preferred to say he was ‘Venetian’. but in fact the artist came from the Brescia region of Lombardy.”
Although Perovani was best known for his religious works, his most famous painting is his Portrait of George Washington (1796), a variation after Gilbert Stuart's Lansdowne portrait (1796).
According to an 1807 biographical sketch, Giuseppe Perovani was "accidentally" born in Pavia. His family was from Brescia, 116 km (72 miles) east of Pavia, where he was raised and educated. His father was a merchant, who noticed his son's affinity and ability for drawing. He sent young Giuseppe to study in Rome under Pompeo Battoni.
Perovani was the winner of a student competition to design a public palace for the United States. News of his work was sent to an envoy in Philadelphia [the Spanish Minister?], who invited the young artist to come to America.
It is possible that Perovani never returned to Europe. The 1807 biographical sketch was published in his home city of Brescia, and stated: If he is still alive, he would be around 48 years old. The sketch also misspelled his surname as "Pirovani". The sketch was printed in an 1807 biography of the 16th-century Brescian painter Lattanzio Gambara. The book's subtitle: “Added are brief notes on the most excellent painters of Brescia”.
Perovani and a fellow Italian painter arrived in the United States in early July 1795. Philadelphia then was serving as the temporary national capital, 1790-1800, while Washington, D.C. was under construction. Perovani's first commission in America was a painted ceiling for the residence (embassy?) of the Spanish Minister to the United States, José de Jáudenes y Nebot. Perovani mentioned this in a September 19, 1795 advertisement in Philadelphia's Federal Gazette:
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Giuseppe Pirovani
Giuseppe (José) Perovani Rústica (c.1759-65, Pavia/Brescia - 1835, Mexico City) was an Italian painter of the Neoclassic period. He trained in Rome, and painted altarpieces in Brescia as a young man. He painted the altarpiece (and possibly the trompe l'oeil ceiling) of the Chapel of the Blessed Bernardo Tolomei in the Santa Francesca Romana in Rome.
In 1795, he traveled to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he worked until about 1800. Following a short period in New York City, he moved to Havana, Cuba in 1801, where he completed a number of religious projects over some 14 years. The following 14 years he spent teaching at the Academia de Belles Artes de San Carlos in Mexico City, before retiring in 1829. He returned to teaching in 1834, but died the following year in Mexico City, during a cholera epidemic.
There continues to be confusion about Perovani's exact age, where he was born, and the spelling of his surname. He may have contributed to this: “In the New World, Perovani preferred to say he was ‘Venetian’. but in fact the artist came from the Brescia region of Lombardy.”
Although Perovani was best known for his religious works, his most famous painting is his Portrait of George Washington (1796), a variation after Gilbert Stuart's Lansdowne portrait (1796).
According to an 1807 biographical sketch, Giuseppe Perovani was "accidentally" born in Pavia. His family was from Brescia, 116 km (72 miles) east of Pavia, where he was raised and educated. His father was a merchant, who noticed his son's affinity and ability for drawing. He sent young Giuseppe to study in Rome under Pompeo Battoni.
Perovani was the winner of a student competition to design a public palace for the United States. News of his work was sent to an envoy in Philadelphia [the Spanish Minister?], who invited the young artist to come to America.
It is possible that Perovani never returned to Europe. The 1807 biographical sketch was published in his home city of Brescia, and stated: If he is still alive, he would be around 48 years old. The sketch also misspelled his surname as "Pirovani". The sketch was printed in an 1807 biography of the 16th-century Brescian painter Lattanzio Gambara. The book's subtitle: “Added are brief notes on the most excellent painters of Brescia”.
Perovani and a fellow Italian painter arrived in the United States in early July 1795. Philadelphia then was serving as the temporary national capital, 1790-1800, while Washington, D.C. was under construction. Perovani's first commission in America was a painted ceiling for the residence (embassy?) of the Spanish Minister to the United States, José de Jáudenes y Nebot. Perovani mentioned this in a September 19, 1795 advertisement in Philadelphia's Federal Gazette:
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