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Hasyim Muzadi
Achmad Hasyim Muzadi (8 August 1944 – 16 March 2017) was an Indonesian Islamic scholar and cleric who served as chairman of the Nahdlatul Ulama, from 1999 to 2010. The founder and director of the Al-Hikam Islamic boarding school, he was a proponent of moderate Islam, which he defined as being neither radical nor liberal, and criticized both Islamic fundamentalism and Islamic liberalism. Hasyim was the vice presidential running mate of President Megawati Sukarnoputri in the 2004 Indonesian presidential election, though the ticket was defeated in a runoff. He subsequently served in the Presidential Advisory Council from 2015 until his death.
Hasyim was born on 8 August 1944 in Tuban, East Java, then occupied by Japan. His father's name was Muzadi and his mother's Rumyati. He attended various Islamic schools, including a pesantren, an Islamic boarding school, in Gontor, Ponorogo Regency. He obtained a college degree in tarbiyah (Islamic education) from the State Islamic Institute of Malang in 1969.
He founded the Al-Hikam Islamic boarding school (pesantren) in Lowokwaru, Malang, East Java, in March 1992. The pesantren provided a college-level mix of general and Islamic education. The school was small, with 125 students by 2000, but according to Islamic scholar and anthropologist Ronald A. Lukens-Bull it seemed "an innovative and forward-thinking approach" to shaping the future of Indonesia.
According to Hasyim, who was also Al-Hikam's director, the school was aimed at Muslims with non-religious majors whose knowledge and practice of Islam was lacking. Hasyim saw this group as susceptible to fundamentalism, which viewed tradition and modernity to be antagonistic, and he founded Al-Hikam to curb its growth among college students.
Hasyim was active in Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia, from the 1960s onwards. From 1992 to 1999 he was the chairman of NU's regional chapter in East Java. In 1996, Hasyim was inducted as a khalifa (deputy) of the Qadiri-Naqshbandi Sufi order. and in 1999, he was elected Chairman of NU, replacing Abdurrahman Wahid who became the fourth President of Indonesia. Hasyim held the Chairman position for two terms, until 2010 when he could not run again because of term limit.
When Gus Dur was about to be removed from his position as President, the NU masses in East Java threatened that if Gus Dur were removed, they would attack Jakarta. A number of Golkar offices in East Java were burned down. The trees were felled and placed across the main road along Pasuruan towards Banyuwangi.
“If Gus Dur is constitutionally removed, I don't think there will be any resistance from the grassroots, but the NU kiai feel that Gus Dur was forced to step down in unfair ways. This, the kiai think they have to defend the President," said Kiai Hasyim, chairman of PBNU at the time.
In 2004, he co-founded the International Conference of Islamic Scholars with Hassan Wirajuda, an Indonesian diplomat and former foreign minister. This conference held interfaith dialogues and meetings, and was intended to improve relations between Islamic and Western communities after the September 11 attacks. During the War in Afghanistan (2001–present), he rejected calls to recruit NU members to fight a jihad against the United States-led coalition.
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Hasyim Muzadi
Achmad Hasyim Muzadi (8 August 1944 – 16 March 2017) was an Indonesian Islamic scholar and cleric who served as chairman of the Nahdlatul Ulama, from 1999 to 2010. The founder and director of the Al-Hikam Islamic boarding school, he was a proponent of moderate Islam, which he defined as being neither radical nor liberal, and criticized both Islamic fundamentalism and Islamic liberalism. Hasyim was the vice presidential running mate of President Megawati Sukarnoputri in the 2004 Indonesian presidential election, though the ticket was defeated in a runoff. He subsequently served in the Presidential Advisory Council from 2015 until his death.
Hasyim was born on 8 August 1944 in Tuban, East Java, then occupied by Japan. His father's name was Muzadi and his mother's Rumyati. He attended various Islamic schools, including a pesantren, an Islamic boarding school, in Gontor, Ponorogo Regency. He obtained a college degree in tarbiyah (Islamic education) from the State Islamic Institute of Malang in 1969.
He founded the Al-Hikam Islamic boarding school (pesantren) in Lowokwaru, Malang, East Java, in March 1992. The pesantren provided a college-level mix of general and Islamic education. The school was small, with 125 students by 2000, but according to Islamic scholar and anthropologist Ronald A. Lukens-Bull it seemed "an innovative and forward-thinking approach" to shaping the future of Indonesia.
According to Hasyim, who was also Al-Hikam's director, the school was aimed at Muslims with non-religious majors whose knowledge and practice of Islam was lacking. Hasyim saw this group as susceptible to fundamentalism, which viewed tradition and modernity to be antagonistic, and he founded Al-Hikam to curb its growth among college students.
Hasyim was active in Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia, from the 1960s onwards. From 1992 to 1999 he was the chairman of NU's regional chapter in East Java. In 1996, Hasyim was inducted as a khalifa (deputy) of the Qadiri-Naqshbandi Sufi order. and in 1999, he was elected Chairman of NU, replacing Abdurrahman Wahid who became the fourth President of Indonesia. Hasyim held the Chairman position for two terms, until 2010 when he could not run again because of term limit.
When Gus Dur was about to be removed from his position as President, the NU masses in East Java threatened that if Gus Dur were removed, they would attack Jakarta. A number of Golkar offices in East Java were burned down. The trees were felled and placed across the main road along Pasuruan towards Banyuwangi.
“If Gus Dur is constitutionally removed, I don't think there will be any resistance from the grassroots, but the NU kiai feel that Gus Dur was forced to step down in unfair ways. This, the kiai think they have to defend the President," said Kiai Hasyim, chairman of PBNU at the time.
In 2004, he co-founded the International Conference of Islamic Scholars with Hassan Wirajuda, an Indonesian diplomat and former foreign minister. This conference held interfaith dialogues and meetings, and was intended to improve relations between Islamic and Western communities after the September 11 attacks. During the War in Afghanistan (2001–present), he rejected calls to recruit NU members to fight a jihad against the United States-led coalition.
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