Henri A. Termeer (February 28, 1946 – May 12, 2017) was a Dutch biotechnology executive and entrepreneur. He served as CEO at Genzyme from 1981 to 2011. Termeer created a business model, subsequently adopted by others in the industry, based on charging high prices for therapies for rare genetic disorders affecting children, known as orphan diseases. Genzyme used biological processes to manufacture drugs that were not easily copied by generic drug manufacturers. The drugs were protected by orphan drug acts, limiting competition and ensuring coverage by publicly funded insurers. As CEO of Genzyme, he developed corporate strategies for growth including optimizing institutional embeddedness, nurturing networks of influential groups and clusters: doctors, private equity, patient-groups, insurance, healthcare umbrella organizations, state and local government, and alumni. Termeer was "connected to 311 board members in 17 different organizations across 20 different industries".

Termeer was named as one of the top 50 people who have advanced rare disease research, in a list produced by Terrapin for the World Orphan Drug Congress. The congress described him as an "inspiration and pioneer", many of whose protégés have gone on to lead other successful companies in the rare disease and biotech sector.

Termeer studied economics at Erasmus University in the Netherlands. In 1973, he completed his MBA at Darden School of Business at the University of Virginia. He received an honorary Doctor of Science from the University of Massachusetts.^{[citation needed]}

Termeer began his career in the medical and healthcare industry in 1973 when he started working as manager of international product planning for Deerfield, Illinois-based Travenol Laboratories Inc. now known as Baxter. From 1975 to 1976 he was Baxter's international marketing manager. From 1976 to 1979 he was general manager for Travenol GMBH in Munich.

From 1979 to 1981 he was executive vice president of the Hyland Therapeutics division of Baxter Travenol in Glendale, California. Hyland sold Factor VIII, Factor IX, immunoglobulins, and albumin. The plasma was collected through plasmapheresis performed at collection centers all around the country, but there were ethical concerns raised over payments for plasma being made to vulnerable people. Standards for donating plasma are set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Almost all plasmapheresis in the US is performed by automated methods such as the Plasma Collection System (PCS2) made by Haemonetics or the Auto pheresis-C (Auto-C) made by Fenwal, Inc., a former division of Baxter International. Termeer described this as the beginning of biotechnology. At that time Baxter was developing tests for Chagas disease which was very prevalent in Latin America. Termeer was sent to South America to investigate. After meeting with the military and with the Center for Disease Control he called off the project as unprofitable.

Back in Chicago, he was Baxter's International Marketing Manager for several years with the Artificial Organs Division.

Monica Higgins profiled Termeer as one of the alumni of the Baxter biopharmaceutical industry firm, the 'Baxter boys'—who produced many of leaders of the biopharmaceutical industry. Higgins noted in 2004 that at that time, [t]he size and extent of Baxter's influence overall [was] difficult to ascertain since the biotechnology industry, with eight- to ten-year product development cycles, [was] still in its relative infancy."

In December 2011, the non-partisan organization Public Campaign criticized Baxter for spending $10.45 million on lobbying and not paying any taxes during 2008–2010, instead getting $66 million in tax rebates, despite making a profit of $926 million.