Hipposideridae

Hipposideridae; Temporal range: Eocene to present
	Commerson's leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros commersoni)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Chiroptera
Superfamily:	Rhinolophoidea
Family:	Hipposideridae; Lydekker, 1891
Type genus
	Hipposideros; Gray, 1831
Genera
	See text
Synonyms
	Rhinonycterina J.E. Gray, 1866;

The Hipposideridae are a family of bats commonly known as the Old World leaf-nosed bats. While it has often been seen as a subfamily, Hipposiderinae, of the family Rhinolophidae, it is now more generally classified as its own family.^[1] Nevertheless, it is most closely related to Rhinolophidae within the suborder Yinpterochiroptera.^[2]

Taxonomy

The Hipposideridae contain 10 living genera and more than 70 species, mostly in the widespread genus Hipposideros.^[3] In addition, several fossil genera are known; the oldest fossils attributed to the family are from the middle Eocene of Europe.^[4] In their 1997 Classification of Mammals, Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell proposed a division of Hipposideridae (called Rhinonycterinae in their work) into three tribes, one with two subtribes,^[5] but these tribes turned out to be non-monophyletic and have been abandoned.^[1] A different classification was proposed by Hand and Kirsch in 2003.^[6] In 2009, Petr Benda and Peter Vallo proposed a separate tribe, Triaenopini, for the genera Triaenops, Paratriaenops, and possibly Cloeotis,^[7] synonymised in a 2014 revision (Foley, et al.) that elevated the family Rhinonycteridae.^[8] The Hipposideridae have many different families, previously confused to be the same for their similar appearance. The Hipposideridae fulvus is very similar to the Hipposideridae Pomona, which were a part of the same family in the past. The macrobullatus, considered to be a subspecies of the Hipposideridae are also part of a different family. Among the Hipposideridae species, there is an increased amount of mitochondrial differentation, possibly leading to these subspecies being intermixed and confused as one.^[9]^[10]^[11]

Genera

The genera included in Hipposideridae are:^[12]

Living

Anthops (one species; Solomon Islands and Bougainville Island)
Asellia (four species; Africa and southwestern Asia; Miocene fossils from Europe)
Aselliscus (three species; southeastern Asia and Melanesia)
Coelops (at least two species; southeastern Asia; Miocene fossils from Africa)
Doryrhina (two species, Africa)
Hipposideros (more than sixty species; Africa, southern Eurasia, and Australasia; oldest fossils from the Eocene of Europe; includes Pseudorhinolophus, sometimes considered a separate genus)
Macronycteris (five species, Africa and Madagascar)

(Note that genus Paracoelops was previously listed for Vietnam is now a synonym of Hipposideros pomona)

Extinct

Archerops (Miocene of Australia)^[13]
Miophyllorhina (Miocene of Australia)^[14]
Palaeophyllophora (Eocene to Miocene of Europe)
Paraphyllophora (Eocene or Oligocene to Miocene of Europe)
Riversleigha (Miocene of Australia)^[14]
Vaylatsia (Oligocene of Europe)^[15]
Xenorhinos (Miocene of Australia)^[14]

List of species

*Pseudorhinolophus antiquus* skull and lower jaw at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin

Family Hipposideridae — Old World leaf-nosed bats
- Genus Anthops
  - Flower-faced bat, Anthops ornatus
- Genus Asellia — trident leaf-nosed bats
  - Arabian trident bat, Asellia arabica^[16]
  - Somalian trident bat, Asellia italosomalica^[16]
  - Patrizi's trident leaf-nosed bat, Asellia patrizii
  - Trident bat, Asellia tridens
- Genus Aselliscus — Tate's trident-nosed bats
  - Stoliczka's trident bat, Aselliscus stoliczkanus
  - Temminck's trident bat, Aselliscus tricuspidatus
  - Dong Bac's trident bat, Aselliscus dongbacana
- Genus Coelops — tailless leaf-nosed bats
  - East Asian tailless leaf-nosed bat, Coelops frithii
  - Malayan tailless leaf-nosed bat, Coelops robinsoni
- Genus Doryrhina — roundleaf bats
  - Greater roundleaf bat, Doryrhina camerunensis
  - Cyclops roundleaf bat, Doryrhina cyclops
- Genus Hipposideros — roundleaf bats
  - Aba roundleaf bat, Hipposideros abae
  - Ha Long leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros alongensis
  - Great roundleaf bat, Hipposideros armiger
  - Dusky roundleaf bat, Hipposideros ater
  - Benito roundleaf bat, Hipposideros beatus
  - Bicolored roundleaf bat, Hipposideros bicolor
  - Boeadi’s roundleaf bat, Hipposideros boeadii
  - Short-headed roundleaf bat, Hipposideros breviceps
  - Sundevall's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros caffer
  - Spurred roundleaf bat, Hipposideros calcaratus
  - Fawn leaf-nosed bat or fawn roundleaf bat, Hipposideros cervinus
  - Ashy roundleaf bat, Hipposideros cineraceus
  - Large Mindanao roundleaf bat, Hipposideros coronatus
  - Telefomin roundleaf bat, Hipposideros corynophyllus
  - Cox's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros coxi
  - Timor roundleaf bat, Hipposideros crumeniferus
  - Short-tailed roundleaf bat, Hipposideros curtus
  - Makira roundleaf bat, Hipposideros demissus
  - Diadem roundleaf bat, Hipposideros diadema
  - Fierce roundleaf bat, Hipposideros dinops
  - Borneo roundleaf bat, Hipposideros doriae
  - Khajuria's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros durgadasi
  - Dayak roundleaf bat, Hipposideros dyacorum
  - Hill's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros edwardshilli
  - House-dwelling leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros einnaythu
  - Hipposideros fasensis
  - Sooty roundleaf bat, Hipposideros fuliginosus
  - Fulvus roundleaf bat, Hipposideros fulvus
  - Cantor's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros galeritus
  - Andersen's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros gentilis
  - Grand roundleaf bat, Hipposideros grandis
  - Griffin's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros griffini
  - Thailand roundleaf bat, Hipposideros halophyllus
  - Kolar leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros hypophyllus
  - Crested roundleaf bat, Hipposideros inexpectatus
  - Arnhem leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros inornatus
  - Jones's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros jonesi
  - Phou Khao Khouay leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros khaokhouayensis
  - Khasian leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros khasiana
  - Kunz's Bicolored Leaf-nosed Bat, Hipposideros kunzi
  - Lamotte's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros lamottei
  - Indian roundleaf bat, Hipposideros lankadiva
  - Intermediate roundleaf bat, Hipposideros larvatus
  - Large Asian roundleaf bat, Hipposideros lekaguli
  - Shield-faced roundleaf bat, Hipposideros lylei
  - Big-eared roundleaf bat, Hipposideros macrobullatus
  - Maduran leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros madurae
  - Maggie Taylor's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros maggietaylorae
  - Aellen's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros marisae
  - Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat, Hipposideros megalotis
  - Fly River roundleaf bat, Hipposideros muscinus
  - Malayan roundleaf bat, Hipposideros nequam
  - Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat, Hipposideros nicobarulae
  - Philippine forest roundleaf bat, Hipposideros obscurus
  - Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros orbiculus
  - Biak roundleaf bat, Hipposideros papua
  - Hipposideros parnabyi
  - Peleng leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros pelingensis
  - Pendlebury's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros pendleburyi
  - Pomona roundleaf bat, Hipposideros pomona
  - Philippine pygmy roundleaf bat, Hipposideros pygmaeus
  - Ridley's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros ridleyi
  - Laotian leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros rotalis
  - Noack's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros ruber
  - Shield-nosed leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros scutinares
  - Semon's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros semoni
  - Sorensen's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros sorenseni
  - Schneider's leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros speoris
  - Northern leaf-nosed bat or narrow-eared roundleaf bat, Hipposideros stenotis
  - Sumba roundleaf bat or Sumban leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros sumbae
  - Pratt's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros swinhoei
  - Maghreb leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros tephrus
  - Lesser great leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros turpis
  - Wollaston's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros wollastoni
- Genus Macronycteris^[17]
  - Commerson's leaf-nosed bat or Commerson's roundleaf bat, Macronycteris commersoni
  - Macronycteris cryptovalorona^[18]
  - Giant roundleaf bat, Macronycteris gigas
  - Saõ Tomé leaf-nosed bat, Macronycteris thomensis
  - Striped leaf-nosed bat, Macronycteris vittatus

Notes

^ This name technically has priority over Hipposiderinae Lydekker, 1891, and some have consequently used "Rhinonycteridae" or "Rhinonycterinae" for this (sub)family; however, Hipposideridae/inae has been in common use since 1907 and is currently retained pending action by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Simmons, 2005, p. 365
^ Hutcheon and Kirsch, 2006
^ Simmons, 2005, pp. 365–379
^ McKenna and Bell, 1997, p. 306
^ McKenna and Bell, 1997, pp. 306–307
^ Hand and Kirsch, 2003, table 3
^ Benda and Vallo, 2009, p. 33
^ Foley, Nicole M.; Thong, Vu Dinh; Soisook, Pipat; Goodman, Steven M.; Armstrong, Kyle N.; Jacobs, David S.; Puechmaille, Sébastien J.; Teeling, Emma C. (February 2015). "How and Why Overcome the Impediments to Resolution: Lessons from rhinolophid and hipposiderid Bats". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 32 (2): 313–333. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu329. PMC 4769323. PMID 25433366.
^ Vallo, Peter; Benda, Petr; Martínková, Natália; Kaňuch, Peter; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Červený, Jaroslav; Koubek, Petr (June 2011). "Morphologically Uniform Bats Hipposideros aff. Ruber (Hipposideridae) Exhibit High Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity in Southeastern Senegal". Acta Chiropterologica. 13 (1): 79–88. doi:10.3161/150811011X578633. ISSN 1508-1109.
^ Hill, J. E.; Zubaid, A.; Davison, G. W. H. (1 January 1986). "The taxonomy of leaf-nosed bats of the Hipposideros bicolor group (Chiroptera : Hipposideridae) from southeastern Asia". Mammalia. 50 (4): 535–540. doi:10.1515/mamm.1986.50.4.535. ISSN 1864-1547.
^ Monadjem, Ara; Richards, Leigh; Taylor, Peter J.; Denys, Christiane; Dower, Aisling; Stoffberg, Samantha (December 2013). "Diversity of Hipposideridae in the Mount Nimba massif, West Africa, and the Taxonomic Status of Hipposideros lamottei". Acta Chiropterologica. 15 (2): 341–352. doi:10.3161/150811013X678964. ISSN 1508-1109.
^ Simmons, 2005, pp. 365–379; McKenna and Bell, 1997, pp. 306–307; other sources cited for specific genera
^ Hand and Kirsch, 2003
^ ^a ^b ^c Archer et al., 2006, p. 7
^ Ziegler, 2000, p. 652; Hand and Kirsch, 2003, table 3; cf. McKenna and Bell, 1997, p. 305 (excluded from Rhinonycterinae)
^ ^a ^b Benda, Petr; Vallo, Peter; Reiter, Antonín (2011). "Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Asellia(Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) with a Description of a New Species from Southern Arabia". Acta Chiropterologica. 13 (2): 245–270. doi:10.3161/150811011X624749.
^ Foley, N. M.; Goodman, S. M.; Whelan, C. V.; Puechmaille, S. J.; Teeling, E. (June 2017). "Towards Navigating the Minotaur's Labyrinth: Cryptic Diversity and Taxonomic Revision within the Speciose Genus Hipposideros (Hipposideridae)". Acta Chiropterologica. 19 (1): 1–18. doi:10.3161/15081109acc2017.19.1.001.
^ Goodman, S. M.; Schoeman, M. C.; Rakotoarivelo, A.; Willows-Munro, S. (2016). "How many species of Hipposideros have occurred on Madagascar since the Late Pleistocene?". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (2): 428–449. doi:10.1111/zoj.12368.

Bibliography

Archer, M., Arena, D.A., Bassarova, M., Beck, R.M.D., Black, K., Boles, W.E., Brewer, P., Cooke, B.N., Crosby, K., Gillespie, A., Godthelp, H., Hand, S.J., Kear, B.P., Louys, J., Morrell, A., Muirhead, J., Roberts, K.K., Scanlon, J.D., Travouillon, K.J. and Wroe, S. 2006. Current status of species-level representation in faunas from selected fossil localities in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland. Alcheringa Special Issue 1:1-17. ISBN 0-9757894-5-7
Benda, P. and Vallo, P. 2009. Taxonomic revision of the genus Triaenops (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) with description of a new species from southern Arabia and definitions of a new genus and tribe. Folia Zoologica 58(Monograph 1):1–45.
Hand, S.J. and Archer, M. 2005. A new hipposiderid genus (Microchiroptera) from an early Miocene bat community in Australia. Palaeontology 48(2):371–383.
Hand, S.J. and Kirsch, J.A.W. 2003. Archerops, a new annectent hipposiderid genus (Mammalia: Microchiroptera) from the Australian Miocene. Journal of Paleontology 77(6):1139–1151.
Hutcheon, J.M. and Kirsch, J.A.W. 2006. A moveable face: deconstructing the Microchiroptera and a new classification of extant bats. Acta Chiropterologica 8(1):1–10.
McKenna, M.C. and Bell, S.K. 1997. Classification of Mammals: Above the species level. New York: Columbia University Press, 631 pp. ISBN 978-0-231-11013-6
Simmons, N.B. 2005. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 312–529 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0
Ziegler, R. 2000. The bats (Chiroptera, Mammalia) from the Late Oligocene fissure fillings Herrlingen 8 and Herrlingen 9 near Ulm (Baden-Württemberg). Senckenbergiana Lethaea 80(2):647–683.

[2] This name technically has priority over Hipposiderinae Lydekker, 1891, and some have consequently used "Rhinonycteridae" or "Rhinonycterinae" for this (sub)family; however, Hipposideridae/inae has been in common use since 1907 and is currently retained pending action by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.^[1]

[S365-1] Simmons, 2005, p. 365

[3] Hutcheon and Kirsch, 2006

[4] Simmons, 2005, pp. 365–379

[5] McKenna and Bell, 1997, p. 306

[6] McKenna and Bell, 1997, pp. 306–307

[7] Hand and Kirsch, 2003, table 3

[8] Benda and Vallo, 2009, p. 33

[Foley2014-9] Foley, Nicole M.; Thong, Vu Dinh; Soisook, Pipat; Goodman, Steven M.; Armstrong, Kyle N.; Jacobs, David S.; Puechmaille, Sébastien J.; Teeling, Emma C. (February 2015). "How and Why Overcome the Impediments to Resolution: Lessons from rhinolophid and hipposiderid Bats". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 32 (2): 313–333. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu329. PMC 4769323. PMID 25433366.

[10] Vallo, Peter; Benda, Petr; Martínková, Natália; Kaňuch, Peter; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Červený, Jaroslav; Koubek, Petr (June 2011). "Morphologically Uniform Bats Hipposideros aff. Ruber (Hipposideridae) Exhibit High Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity in Southeastern Senegal". Acta Chiropterologica. 13 (1): 79–88. doi:10.3161/150811011X578633. ISSN 1508-1109.

[11] Hill, J. E.; Zubaid, A.; Davison, G. W. H. (1 January 1986). "The taxonomy of leaf-nosed bats of the Hipposideros bicolor group (Chiroptera : Hipposideridae) from southeastern Asia". Mammalia. 50 (4): 535–540. doi:10.1515/mamm.1986.50.4.535. ISSN 1864-1547.

[12] Monadjem, Ara; Richards, Leigh; Taylor, Peter J.; Denys, Christiane; Dower, Aisling; Stoffberg, Samantha (December 2013). "Diversity of Hipposideridae in the Mount Nimba massif, West Africa, and the Taxonomic Status of Hipposideros lamottei". Acta Chiropterologica. 15 (2): 341–352. doi:10.3161/150811013X678964. ISSN 1508-1109.

[13] Simmons, 2005, pp. 365–379; McKenna and Bell, 1997, pp. 306–307; other sources cited for specific genera

[14] Hand and Kirsch, 2003

[Aea7-15] Archer et al., 2006, p. 7

[16] Ziegler, 2000, p. 652; Hand and Kirsch, 2003, table 3; cf. McKenna and Bell, 1997, p. 305 (excluded from Rhinonycterinae)

[Benda_2011-17] Benda, Petr; Vallo, Peter; Reiter, Antonín (2011). "Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Asellia(Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) with a Description of a New Species from Southern Arabia". Acta Chiropterologica. 13 (2): 245–270. doi:10.3161/150811011X624749.

[Foley2017-18] Foley, N. M.; Goodman, S. M.; Whelan, C. V.; Puechmaille, S. J.; Teeling, E. (June 2017). "Towards Navigating the Minotaur's Labyrinth: Cryptic Diversity and Taxonomic Revision within the Speciose Genus Hipposideros (Hipposideridae)". Acta Chiropterologica. 19 (1): 1–18. doi:10.3161/15081109acc2017.19.1.001.

[Schoeman2016-19] Goodman, S. M.; Schoeman, M. C.; Rakotoarivelo, A.; Willows-Munro, S. (2016). "How many species of Hipposideros have occurred on Madagascar since the Late Pleistocene?". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (2): 428–449. doi:10.1111/zoj.12368.

[Note 1]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

v t e Extant species of family Hipposideridae
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Infraclass: Eutheria Superorder: Laurasiatheria Order: Chiroptera
Anthops	Flower-faced bat (A. ornatus)
Asellia	A. arabica A. italosomalica Patrizi's trident leaf-nosed bat (A. patrizii) Trident bat (A. tridens)
Aselliscus (Tate's trident- nosed bats)	Stoliczka's trident bat (A. stoliczkanus) Temminck's trident bat (A. tricuspidatus) Dong Bac's trident bat (A. dongbacana)
Coelops	East Asian tailless leaf-nosed bat (C. frithii) Malayan tailless leaf-nosed bat (C. robinsoni)
Hipposideros (roundleaf bats)	Aba roundleaf bat (H. abae) H. alongensis Great roundleaf bat (H. armiger) Dusky Leaf-nosed Bat (H. ater) H. atrox Benito roundleaf bat (H. beatus) Bicolored roundleaf bat (H. bicolor) Boeadi's roundleaf bat (H. boeadii) Short-headed roundleaf bat (H. breviceps) Sundevall's roundleaf bat (H. caffer) Spurred roundleaf bat (H. calcaratus) Greater roundleaf bat (H. camerunensis) Fawn leaf-nosed bat (H. cervinus) Ashy roundleaf bat (H. cineraceus) Commerson's roundleaf bat (H. commersoni) Large Mindanao roundleaf bat (H. coronatus) Telefomin roundleaf bat (H. corynophyllus) Cox's roundleaf bat (H. coxi) Timor roundleaf bat (H. crumeniferus) Short-tailed roundleaf bat (H. curtus) Cyclops roundleaf bat (H. cyclops) Makira roundleaf bat (H. demissus) Diadem leaf-nosed bat (H. diadema) Fierce roundleaf bat (H. dinops) Borneo roundleaf bat (H. doriae) Khajuria's leaf-nosed bat (H. durgadasi) Dayak roundleaf bat (H. dyacorum) Hill's roundleaf bat (H. edwardshilli) H. einnaythu Sooty roundleaf bat (H. fuliginosus) Fulvus roundleaf bat (H. fulvus) Cantor's roundleaf bat (H. galeritus) H. gentilis Giant roundleaf bat (H. gigas) Grand roundleaf bat (H. grandis) H. griffini Thailand roundleaf bat (H. halophyllus) Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat (H. hypophyllus) Crested roundleaf bat (H. inexpectatus) Arnhem leaf-nosed bat (H. inornatus) Jones's roundleaf bat (H. jonesi) Phou Khao Khouay leaf-nosed bat (H. khaokhouayensis) Khasian Leaf-nosed Bat (H. khasiana) H. kingstonae H. kunsi Lamotte's roundleaf bat (H. lamottei) Indian roundleaf bat (H. lankadiva) Intermediate roundleaf bat (H. larvatus) Large Asian roundleaf bat (H. lekaguli) Shield-faced roundleaf bat (H. lylei) Big-eared roundleaf bat (H. macrobullatus) Maduran leaf-nosed bat (H. madurae) Maggie Taylor's roundleaf bat (H. maggietaylorae) Aellen's roundleaf bat (H. marisae) Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat (H. megalotis) Fly River roundleaf bat (H. muscinus) Malayan roundleaf bat (H. nequam) H. nicobarulae Philippine Forest roundleaf bat (H. obscurus) Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat (H. orbiculus) Biak roundleaf bat (H. papua) Peleng leaf-nosed bat (H. pelingensis) H. pendleburyi Pomona roundleaf bat (H. pomona) Pratt's roundleaf bat (H. pratti) Philippine pygmy roundleaf bat (H. pygmaeus) Ridley's leaf-nosed bat (H. ridleyi) Laotian leaf-nosed bat (H. rotalis) Noack's roundleaf bat (H. ruber) H. scutinares Semon's leaf-nosed bat (H. semoni) Sorensen's leaf-nosed bat (H. sorenseni) Schneider's leaf-nosed bat (H. speoris) Northern leaf-nosed bat (H. stenotis) Sumban leaf-nosed bat (H. sumbae) H. tephrus Saõ Tomé leaf-nosed bat (H. thomensis) Lesser great Leaf-nosed Bat (H. turpis) Striped leaf-nosed bat (H. vittatus) Wollaston's roundleaf bat (H. wollastoni)

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Hipposideridae Temporal range: Eocene to present

Commerson's leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros commersoni)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Chiroptera
Superfamily:	Rhinolophoidea
Family:	Hipposideridae Lydekker, 1891
Type genus
Hipposideros Gray, 1831
Genera
See text
Synonyms
Rhinonycterina J.E. Gray, 1866^{[Note 1]}