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Hohenems family
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Hohenems family
The House of Hohenems, also Lords of Ems (Herren von Ems), were an ancient German noble family in Vorarlberg.
After Giovanni Angelo Medici, was elected Pope Pius IV in 1559, his nephews, the sons of Wolf Dietrich von Hohenems (who was married to the Pope's sister, Clara de Medici) received the Imperial Countship of von Hohenems in 1560. One of the Pope's nephews, Cardinal Mark Sittich von Hohenems (1538–1595), became Bishop of Constance, but resided in Rome. His illegitimate son, Roberto, founded an Italian line, which, under the name Altemps, became Dukes of Gallese, Margraves of Soriano, and Princes of Altemps, and only became extinct in 1964.
The Vorarlberg line acquired the County of Vaduz in 1613 and divided itself into the Imperial Counts of Hohenems-Lustenau and Hohenems-Vaduz in 1646. The Vaduz line was subject to Imperial execution and debt due to abusive witch trials and was forced to sell its County to the Liechtensteins in 1712. The Lustenau line died out in the male line in 1759; its territory fell to Austria, and, in 1790, to the House of Waldburg-Zeil-Hohenems.
The Lords of Ems were, alongside the Counts of Montfort, the most important noble family in Vorarlberg. The family can be traced back to the year 1170. In 1160, a Hainricus de Amedes (Amides, Ems) is mentioned as a witness in a document. The brothers "Rudolfus et Goswinus de Amides" appear after 1170 as ministeriales of the Hohenstaufen Frederick of Swabia. First Welf, then Hohenstaufen ministeriales, they controlled the Rhine Valley from Vaduz to Lake Constance.
The blinded, castrated William III of Sicily, the last Norman king from the House of Hauteville, was held prisoner in Alt-Ems Castle by the Lords of Ems from 1195 until his death at the age of 13. Between 1206 and 1207, the Archbishop of Cologne, Bruno IV of Sayn, was also held prisoner in Alt-Ems Castle.
The activities of the members of the Ems family in Austrian service led to a rapid rise of the family. Furthermore, the Emsians succeeded in gaining sovereign rights through loans to various emperors and the imperial pledges granted in return. In 1333, Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian granted the town of Ems the rights and freedoms of the Imperial City of Lindau, but the Lords of Ems were never able to implement this. In 1453, the title von Ems was supplemented by the addition of Hohenems.
Contrary to the general decline of the knightly nobility in the 16th century, the Lords of Ems succeeded in expanding their rule and rising to the imperial nobility.
Marx Sittich I von Ems (1466–1533) became a Colonel and General of the Swabian League. During campaigns in Italy, around 1530, he succeeded in marrying one of his sons, Wolf-Dietrich (1507–1538), to Clara of the Milanese Medici di Marignano family, whose brother, Gian Giacomo "Il Mendeghino" (d. 1555), was a condottiere and whose other brother, Giovanni Angelo, was a cardinal. The latter adopted the name and coat of arms of the (unrelated) Florentine Medici family and was elected Pope Pius IV in 1559. He immediately endowed his numerous Italian and German nephews with benefices to secure his power. As early as 27 April 1560, Wolf-Dietrich's sons (Jakob Hannibal, the later Cardinal Marx Sittich III and Gabriel) and their cousin Marx Sittich II were elevated to the rank of Imperial Count by the Emperor.
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Hohenems family
The House of Hohenems, also Lords of Ems (Herren von Ems), were an ancient German noble family in Vorarlberg.
After Giovanni Angelo Medici, was elected Pope Pius IV in 1559, his nephews, the sons of Wolf Dietrich von Hohenems (who was married to the Pope's sister, Clara de Medici) received the Imperial Countship of von Hohenems in 1560. One of the Pope's nephews, Cardinal Mark Sittich von Hohenems (1538–1595), became Bishop of Constance, but resided in Rome. His illegitimate son, Roberto, founded an Italian line, which, under the name Altemps, became Dukes of Gallese, Margraves of Soriano, and Princes of Altemps, and only became extinct in 1964.
The Vorarlberg line acquired the County of Vaduz in 1613 and divided itself into the Imperial Counts of Hohenems-Lustenau and Hohenems-Vaduz in 1646. The Vaduz line was subject to Imperial execution and debt due to abusive witch trials and was forced to sell its County to the Liechtensteins in 1712. The Lustenau line died out in the male line in 1759; its territory fell to Austria, and, in 1790, to the House of Waldburg-Zeil-Hohenems.
The Lords of Ems were, alongside the Counts of Montfort, the most important noble family in Vorarlberg. The family can be traced back to the year 1170. In 1160, a Hainricus de Amedes (Amides, Ems) is mentioned as a witness in a document. The brothers "Rudolfus et Goswinus de Amides" appear after 1170 as ministeriales of the Hohenstaufen Frederick of Swabia. First Welf, then Hohenstaufen ministeriales, they controlled the Rhine Valley from Vaduz to Lake Constance.
The blinded, castrated William III of Sicily, the last Norman king from the House of Hauteville, was held prisoner in Alt-Ems Castle by the Lords of Ems from 1195 until his death at the age of 13. Between 1206 and 1207, the Archbishop of Cologne, Bruno IV of Sayn, was also held prisoner in Alt-Ems Castle.
The activities of the members of the Ems family in Austrian service led to a rapid rise of the family. Furthermore, the Emsians succeeded in gaining sovereign rights through loans to various emperors and the imperial pledges granted in return. In 1333, Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian granted the town of Ems the rights and freedoms of the Imperial City of Lindau, but the Lords of Ems were never able to implement this. In 1453, the title von Ems was supplemented by the addition of Hohenems.
Contrary to the general decline of the knightly nobility in the 16th century, the Lords of Ems succeeded in expanding their rule and rising to the imperial nobility.
Marx Sittich I von Ems (1466–1533) became a Colonel and General of the Swabian League. During campaigns in Italy, around 1530, he succeeded in marrying one of his sons, Wolf-Dietrich (1507–1538), to Clara of the Milanese Medici di Marignano family, whose brother, Gian Giacomo "Il Mendeghino" (d. 1555), was a condottiere and whose other brother, Giovanni Angelo, was a cardinal. The latter adopted the name and coat of arms of the (unrelated) Florentine Medici family and was elected Pope Pius IV in 1559. He immediately endowed his numerous Italian and German nephews with benefices to secure his power. As early as 27 April 1560, Wolf-Dietrich's sons (Jakob Hannibal, the later Cardinal Marx Sittich III and Gabriel) and their cousin Marx Sittich II were elevated to the rank of Imperial Count by the Emperor.
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