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Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
The Kyiv Polytechnic Institute (abbr. KPI, Ukrainian: Київський політехнічний інститут, КПІ, romanized: Kyivskyi politekhnichnyi instytut; official full title National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute") is a national public technological university in Kyiv, Ukraine.
In the long period of existence, the name of the institute has changed several times:
The institute was founded as the Kiev Polytechnic Institute of Emperor Alexander II on 31 August 1898. Its establishment was the result of partnership between the state and private sector encouraged by Sergei Witte, who served as finance minister of the Russian Empire at that time. The financing for the institution was provided by Kyiv City Duma and private donors, including the Tereshchenko family and Lazar Brodsky. The construction of the current building complex was finished in 1902. Until then, the institute rented space at the building of Commercial School located on Vorovsky Street.[citation needed] At that time, it had four departments: Mechanical, Chemical, Agricultural, and Civil Engineering. The first enrolment constituted of 360 students. Prominent scientists Dmitri Mendeleev, Nikolai Zhukovsky and Kliment Arkadyevich Timiryazev provided substantial scientific and organizational assistance in the founding of the institute.
Viktor Kyrpychov, the founder of the Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute, became the first rector of the KPI. It was largely due to Kyrpychov's efforts that such professors like V.P. Yermakov, S.M. Reformatsky, M.I. Konovalov or Vladimir Zworykin became members of the first faculty. The institute's scientific library was organized by Ukrainian art historian Mykola Biliashivskyi. The institute's director at that time was appointed directly by the imperial government after nomination by the Ministry of Finance.
Between its establishment and 1913 the number of students in the institute grew from 360 to 2,313. The full course of studies lasted 4 years. In reality graduation usually took a longer time, and the median age of the university's alumni was 27–28 years. The social origin of KPI's students were much more diverse than in other higher schools of that time: between 1897 and 1913 the share of nobles studying in the establishment fell from 47.7 to 36.2%, meanwhile that of peasants' children grew from 5.9 to 16.3%. The share of Jews among KPI's students in 1907 stood at 23%, contravenin the established quotas. The institute was involved in the 1899 All-Russian student strike, which resulted in arrest and exile of 32 students. In the beginning of 1899, the underground organizational committee was established and had a close relationship with the Kyiv Council of United Communities and Organizations. During the Revolution of 1905 the institute served as a major centre of revolutionary movement in Kyiv, with its students being affiliated with radical groups. A "Ukrainian commune", which consisted of 150-200 students of the establishment, co-operated with Ukrainian social-democratic and socialist revolutionary parties.
In 1909 the Kyiv Society of Aerial Navigation was founded at the institute, involving such prominent figures as Igor Sikorsky, Fedir Anders and Nikolai Delaunay (father of Boris Delaunay). Another KPI graduate Fedir Tereshchenko became known as a pioneer of airplane construction. Among prominent figures who taught at the institute during that time were Grigory Dubelir, Yevhen Paton, Stephen Timoshenko, Lev Pisarzhevsky and Mykola Pymonenko. During the First World War in 1915 part KPI was temporarily evacuated to Rostov on Don, and a field hospital was created on the institute's premises.
Actively developing, the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute became the basis for expanding and strengthening the network of higher education in Kyiv. In 1923–1933 several institutions were created on the basis of departments and individual specialties of the KPI. On March 1, 1919 Engineering Courses for the staff of the Red Army were established at the institute, which in 1937 became the basis for the M. I. Kalinin Kyiv Military School, the predecessor of modern Military Institute of Telecommunications and Informatization of NTUU "KPI".
During the 1920s and 1930s the institute played a major role in the industrialization and became one of the biggest establishments of higher technical education in the Soviet Union. At that time the recruitment was students was performed according to the class principle, and between the late 1920s and mid-1930s the share of students with a working class background rose from 44 to 68 per cent. The institute's students were employed by major industrial enterprises of the USSR.
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Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
The Kyiv Polytechnic Institute (abbr. KPI, Ukrainian: Київський політехнічний інститут, КПІ, romanized: Kyivskyi politekhnichnyi instytut; official full title National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute") is a national public technological university in Kyiv, Ukraine.
In the long period of existence, the name of the institute has changed several times:
The institute was founded as the Kiev Polytechnic Institute of Emperor Alexander II on 31 August 1898. Its establishment was the result of partnership between the state and private sector encouraged by Sergei Witte, who served as finance minister of the Russian Empire at that time. The financing for the institution was provided by Kyiv City Duma and private donors, including the Tereshchenko family and Lazar Brodsky. The construction of the current building complex was finished in 1902. Until then, the institute rented space at the building of Commercial School located on Vorovsky Street.[citation needed] At that time, it had four departments: Mechanical, Chemical, Agricultural, and Civil Engineering. The first enrolment constituted of 360 students. Prominent scientists Dmitri Mendeleev, Nikolai Zhukovsky and Kliment Arkadyevich Timiryazev provided substantial scientific and organizational assistance in the founding of the institute.
Viktor Kyrpychov, the founder of the Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute, became the first rector of the KPI. It was largely due to Kyrpychov's efforts that such professors like V.P. Yermakov, S.M. Reformatsky, M.I. Konovalov or Vladimir Zworykin became members of the first faculty. The institute's scientific library was organized by Ukrainian art historian Mykola Biliashivskyi. The institute's director at that time was appointed directly by the imperial government after nomination by the Ministry of Finance.
Between its establishment and 1913 the number of students in the institute grew from 360 to 2,313. The full course of studies lasted 4 years. In reality graduation usually took a longer time, and the median age of the university's alumni was 27–28 years. The social origin of KPI's students were much more diverse than in other higher schools of that time: between 1897 and 1913 the share of nobles studying in the establishment fell from 47.7 to 36.2%, meanwhile that of peasants' children grew from 5.9 to 16.3%. The share of Jews among KPI's students in 1907 stood at 23%, contravenin the established quotas. The institute was involved in the 1899 All-Russian student strike, which resulted in arrest and exile of 32 students. In the beginning of 1899, the underground organizational committee was established and had a close relationship with the Kyiv Council of United Communities and Organizations. During the Revolution of 1905 the institute served as a major centre of revolutionary movement in Kyiv, with its students being affiliated with radical groups. A "Ukrainian commune", which consisted of 150-200 students of the establishment, co-operated with Ukrainian social-democratic and socialist revolutionary parties.
In 1909 the Kyiv Society of Aerial Navigation was founded at the institute, involving such prominent figures as Igor Sikorsky, Fedir Anders and Nikolai Delaunay (father of Boris Delaunay). Another KPI graduate Fedir Tereshchenko became known as a pioneer of airplane construction. Among prominent figures who taught at the institute during that time were Grigory Dubelir, Yevhen Paton, Stephen Timoshenko, Lev Pisarzhevsky and Mykola Pymonenko. During the First World War in 1915 part KPI was temporarily evacuated to Rostov on Don, and a field hospital was created on the institute's premises.
Actively developing, the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute became the basis for expanding and strengthening the network of higher education in Kyiv. In 1923–1933 several institutions were created on the basis of departments and individual specialties of the KPI. On March 1, 1919 Engineering Courses for the staff of the Red Army were established at the institute, which in 1937 became the basis for the M. I. Kalinin Kyiv Military School, the predecessor of modern Military Institute of Telecommunications and Informatization of NTUU "KPI".
During the 1920s and 1930s the institute played a major role in the industrialization and became one of the biggest establishments of higher technical education in the Soviet Union. At that time the recruitment was students was performed according to the class principle, and between the late 1920s and mid-1930s the share of students with a working class background rose from 44 to 68 per cent. The institute's students were employed by major industrial enterprises of the USSR.
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