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Indonesia–Russia relations

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Indonesia–Russia relations

Indonesia–Russia relations are the bilateral relations between Indonesia and Russia. Indonesia and the Soviet Union established diplomatic relations on 3 February 1950. Russia has an embassy in Jakarta and has announced plans to open a consulate-general in Denpasar, while Indonesia has an embassy in Moscow along with an honorary consulate in Saint Petersburg. Both countries are members of the APEC, G-20 and BRICS.

According to a 2018 Pew Research Center poll, 46% of Indonesians have a favourable view of Russia, with 31% expressing an unfavourable view.

In the 19th century, Imperial Russian maritime expeditions started visiting the archipelago. In 1806, two sailing-ships, the Nadezhda and the Neva, under Ivan Krusenshtern and Yuri Lisyansky, engaged in the first Russian circumnavigation of the earth, and approached the shores of Indonesia.

The fact that Russia paid much attention to maintaining contacts with the Indonesians was confirmed by the establishment, in 1894, of the first Russian full-time consulate in Batavia, the capital of the Dutch East Indies. Somewhat earlier, in 1890, the Pamyat Azova and the Vladimir Monomakh, the ships on which Crown Prince Nicholas, the future Emperor Nicholas II of Russia, made his Eastern voyage, dropped anchor in the same harbour.

The Soviet Union established diplomatic relations with Indonesia in 1950 and is one of the first countries to recognize Indonesia's sovereignty and independence from the Dutch after the end of World War II, alongside Egypt and other Arab states.

Early in the Cold War, both countries had close relations, with Indonesian president Sukarno visiting Moscow and Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev visiting Jakarta. The first military deal between Indonesia and the Soviet Union happened in 1958, with the import of Soviet GAZ-69 trucks. In 1960, General Abdul Haris Nasution visited Moscow to negotiate an arms deal with the USSR. It turned out to be a $2.5 billion deal, involving the purchase of Mil Mi-4, Mil Mi-6 helicopters and MiG-15, MiG-17, MiG-19, MiG-21, Ilyushin Il-28, Tupolev Tu-16s including the KSR-1 variants armed with AS-1 Kennel anti-ship missiles, Antonov An-12 and Ilyushin Il-14 transport planes., and Whiskey-class submarines, Komar-class missile boats and one Sverdlov-class cruiser. This constituted the Soviet assistance to Indonesia for the recapture of Netherlands New Guinea in 1961–62, known as Operation Trikora.

The Soviet Union helped Indonesia build the Friendship Hospital {id} and the Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, as well as transport and industrial infrastructure facilities that are in operation to this day. Great strides were made in military-technical cooperation.

When Sukarno was ousted by General Suharto, relations between the two states deteriorated, likely due to Indonesia's anti-communist policy under Suharto following the controversial communist coup attempt and the subsequent mass murder of thousands of alleged leftists. However, unlike relations with China during the Suharto regime, diplomatic relations were not suspended as the Soviet Union had no known involvement in the coup attempt. During this time, Indonesia was one of many countries that boycotted the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow.

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