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Ingala Valley
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Ingala Valley
The Ingala Valley (Russian: Ингальская долина) is an archaeological district in the area between the Tobol and Iset rivers. It is the largest one in the south of the Tyumen Oblast, and belongs to the Iset cultural and historical province. It has 177 kurgans, 55 archaeological sites of federal significance and 5 regional natural monuments.
Archaeological sites in the valley date from the Mesolithic (8th–7th millennium BC) to the Middle Ages (15th century) and include marks of the Andronovo culture and Sargat culture civilizations. Some of the artifacts are stored in the State Hermitage Museum as the Siberian collection of Peter the Great; others belonged to the lost well-known private collection of Nicolaes Witsen.
The Ingala Valley is located 75 km south of Tyumen, at the mouth of the Iset River. At this point, the borders of the Isetsky, Yalutorovsky, Zavodoukovsky and Uporovsky Districts of the Tyumen Oblast are closed. The valley was named in 1994 by the most common local toponyms translated from the Siberian Tatar language as scirpus.
The valley covers an area of about 1500 square kilometres. It was formed as a result of a merger of the river valleys of the Tobol and Iset rivers. It has the shape of a trapezoid on a map, with a vertex extending to the northeast. The north–south length is about 55 km; on the east–west axis it is from 20 to 45 km. In terms of relief it looks like a cavity, which is bounded on the north by a high terrace of the Iset River, and on the east by a terrace of the Tobol River. In the central part of the valley flow the Hog Ingala and Large Ingala rivers, which are tributaries of the Iset River.
There are two routes leading into the valley. The southern route is from Tyumen by the highway M51 towards Kurgan. Beyond the village Isetskoe it crosses the Iset River and turns in front of the village Soloboevo, then through Malyshy, Botniki, and Krasnogorskoe—the beginning of the valley. From here, travelers may access the route Krasnogorskoe-Loga—Minino—Onufrieva—Upper Ingal—Niphaki—Ingalinskoe—Lykovo—Koklyagina—Surka—Tyutrina—Byzovo—Uporovo from the south west to travel around the valley. From Uporovo, Zavodoukovsk can be reached by crossing the Tobol River heading north through Lesnoy—Central—Michurinskiy. The route returns to Tyumen via the highway P402.
The northern route begins from highway P402, between Tyumen and Zavodoukovsk. From highway P402 the river Uk may be crossed to reach Sungurovo, and from there the Tobol River crossed to reach Novolybaevo and the Ingala Valley. Continuing the route through Karasye and Shilikul, the northern route is connected with the southern route, additionally back roads can be traveled through Pushkareva to Ingalinskoe (to the west) or to Koklyagina (to the south).
The first explorers of the valley were so-called bugrovschiki, robbers of ancient graves. In 1669, the governor of the Tobolsk rank Petr Ivanovich Godunov told tsar Alexei Mikhailovich that gold, silver items and utensils were extracted from "Tatar graves" near the Iset River. As a result of bugrovschiki most treasures of the Siberian kurgans are lost forever.
In 1712, a commander of Shadrinsk, prince Vasily Meshchersky, began excavations of kurgans to get gold, silver and copper items to replenish the state treasury by order of the Siberian governor prince Matvey Petrovich Gagarin. During the years 1715-1717 governor Gagarin sent Siberian treasures to Peter the Great four times. 250 ancient gold jewelry pieces sent by Gagarin became known as the Siberian collection of Peter the Great, which is now available in the State Hermitage at the gallery of jewels called "The Scythian Gold".
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Ingala Valley
The Ingala Valley (Russian: Ингальская долина) is an archaeological district in the area between the Tobol and Iset rivers. It is the largest one in the south of the Tyumen Oblast, and belongs to the Iset cultural and historical province. It has 177 kurgans, 55 archaeological sites of federal significance and 5 regional natural monuments.
Archaeological sites in the valley date from the Mesolithic (8th–7th millennium BC) to the Middle Ages (15th century) and include marks of the Andronovo culture and Sargat culture civilizations. Some of the artifacts are stored in the State Hermitage Museum as the Siberian collection of Peter the Great; others belonged to the lost well-known private collection of Nicolaes Witsen.
The Ingala Valley is located 75 km south of Tyumen, at the mouth of the Iset River. At this point, the borders of the Isetsky, Yalutorovsky, Zavodoukovsky and Uporovsky Districts of the Tyumen Oblast are closed. The valley was named in 1994 by the most common local toponyms translated from the Siberian Tatar language as scirpus.
The valley covers an area of about 1500 square kilometres. It was formed as a result of a merger of the river valleys of the Tobol and Iset rivers. It has the shape of a trapezoid on a map, with a vertex extending to the northeast. The north–south length is about 55 km; on the east–west axis it is from 20 to 45 km. In terms of relief it looks like a cavity, which is bounded on the north by a high terrace of the Iset River, and on the east by a terrace of the Tobol River. In the central part of the valley flow the Hog Ingala and Large Ingala rivers, which are tributaries of the Iset River.
There are two routes leading into the valley. The southern route is from Tyumen by the highway M51 towards Kurgan. Beyond the village Isetskoe it crosses the Iset River and turns in front of the village Soloboevo, then through Malyshy, Botniki, and Krasnogorskoe—the beginning of the valley. From here, travelers may access the route Krasnogorskoe-Loga—Minino—Onufrieva—Upper Ingal—Niphaki—Ingalinskoe—Lykovo—Koklyagina—Surka—Tyutrina—Byzovo—Uporovo from the south west to travel around the valley. From Uporovo, Zavodoukovsk can be reached by crossing the Tobol River heading north through Lesnoy—Central—Michurinskiy. The route returns to Tyumen via the highway P402.
The northern route begins from highway P402, between Tyumen and Zavodoukovsk. From highway P402 the river Uk may be crossed to reach Sungurovo, and from there the Tobol River crossed to reach Novolybaevo and the Ingala Valley. Continuing the route through Karasye and Shilikul, the northern route is connected with the southern route, additionally back roads can be traveled through Pushkareva to Ingalinskoe (to the west) or to Koklyagina (to the south).
The first explorers of the valley were so-called bugrovschiki, robbers of ancient graves. In 1669, the governor of the Tobolsk rank Petr Ivanovich Godunov told tsar Alexei Mikhailovich that gold, silver items and utensils were extracted from "Tatar graves" near the Iset River. As a result of bugrovschiki most treasures of the Siberian kurgans are lost forever.
In 1712, a commander of Shadrinsk, prince Vasily Meshchersky, began excavations of kurgans to get gold, silver and copper items to replenish the state treasury by order of the Siberian governor prince Matvey Petrovich Gagarin. During the years 1715-1717 governor Gagarin sent Siberian treasures to Peter the Great four times. 250 ancient gold jewelry pieces sent by Gagarin became known as the Siberian collection of Peter the Great, which is now available in the State Hermitage at the gallery of jewels called "The Scythian Gold".
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