Inishbofin (Irish: Inis Bó Finne, meaning 'island of the white cow') is a small island off the coast of Connemara, County Galway, Ireland. Inishbofin has around 180 inhabitants and is a tourist destination.

The island's English name Inishbofin is derived from the Irish name Inis Bó Finne ('Island of the White Cow'). There are several legends about the name's origin. According to one, the island was actually a floating place until some fishermen landed on it in a fog. By bringing fire to the island, they dispelled the magic, fixing it in place. They then saw an old woman driving a white cow, which turned into a rock when the woman struck it with a stick.

The Irish name has also been anglicised as 'Innisboffin' and 'Boffin' or 'Bophin' island.

Inishbofin lies around eight kilometres (4+1⁄2 nautical miles) off the Connemara coast opposite Ballynakill Harbour and Cleggan Bay. It is separated by a narrow channel from Inishark (Shark island). It is about 5.5 km (3+1⁄2 mi) long and 3 km (2 mi) wide. The highest point is in the Westquarter and rises to 89 metres (292 feet).

Much of the island is a Special Area of Conservation (due to the presence of corn crakes and seals). The island has no trees or forests. Any wood was cut down and used as heating fuel. Because of the salt-enriched air, trees were never able to reestablish themselves.^{[citation needed]}

It is not known when Inishbofin was first settled. There is no evidence of a Mesolithic, and only circumstantial evidence of a significant Neolithic presence. Although there are pre-historic field systems, their age has not been definitely established and could be anywhere between Bronze Age and early Medieval. Neolithic and Bronze Age monuments, found in significant numbers on the Connemara mainland, are conspicuous by their absence. Definite traces of human settlement are available only from the Iron Age onwards, such as the remains of promontory ring forts like 'Dun Mor'.

Around 665, Saint Colmán founded a monastery on Inishbofin. The island's ecclesiastical settlement was attacked by the Vikings in 795. According to some accounts, Guairim of Inisbofin was the ruler of the island when Colmán came here. The Annals of the Four Masters report the monastery's Abbots until the early 10th century (see below).

The island belonged to the O'Flahertys until 1380, when the O'Malleys captured it. In the 16th century, according to local tradition, a Spanish pirate or Barbary corsair named Alonzo Bosco built a stronghold on Port Island, where the Cromwellian fort stands today. According to the tales he raided the Irish coast and shipping in the area. "Don" Bosco was supposed to have been an ally of Gráinne O'Malley, chieftain of the O'Malley clan and 'Ireland's pirate queen'. One story had them stretching a defensive iron chain across Inishbofin's harbour entrance to make it impassable to enemy ships. Across the harbour entrance from Port Island sits 'Dún Gráinne', the fort where Gráinne O'Malley supposedly lived.