Italian Unabomber
Italian Unabomber
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Italian Unabomber

The Italian Unabomber (/ˈjnəbɒmər/, Italian pronunciation: [ˌunaˈbɔmber]) is the moniker referring to an unidentified serial bomber who carried out a series of bombings in the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia regions of Italy between 1994 and 2007.

The Italian Unabomber placed small booby-trapped objects in public spaces in Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia which were designed to detonate when handled by a passerby and seriously injure but not kill the victim. The Italian Unabomber was named by the international press in reference to Ted Kaczynski, the American Neo-Luddite terrorist and mail bomber known as the "Unabomber", but the Italian bomber made no political or economic demands. Over 30 explosive devices were attributed to the Italian Unabomber, and resulted in numerous people receiving injuries including the removal of digits and limbs.

On 28 August 2006, Italian police raided the house of Elvo Zornitta, a 49-year-old engineer, who had been under surveillance for a year with assistance from the United States' Federal Bureau of Investigation. In January 2009, after years of investigations, the case was dropped after the prosecutors asked for its dismissal due to lack of evidence. Zornitta received €300,000 as compensation for his arrest and trial, which included false evidence.

The last bomb was located on 28 October 2007.

To this day, the Italian Unabomber remains unidentified. In October 2022, at the request of a journalist and a victim, the case was reopened by the local prosecutor's office thanks to the discovery of DNA and blood traces that once could not be analysed due to lack of suitable technologies.[citation needed]

The name Unabomber is borrowed from that of a US terrorist, Theodore Kaczynski, the perpetrator of various bomb attacks over the course of eighteen years. Before his capture, he was identified by the FBI with the initials UNABOM (UNiversity and Airline BOMber), which was then deformed by the media. However, the similarities between the Italian and the US Unabomber are tenuous at best.

In 2005, the director of the Gazzettino of Venice, Luigi Bacialli, decided to change the name to the assonant and derogatory one of Monabomber, which exploited the vulgar Venetian expression mona, which refers to the female genitalia and is used colloquially to indicate a stupid person. The choice marked the distance from the original Unabomber and intended to discredit the unknown, or at least avoid his gratification: in this sense it was shared by authoritative signatures, but was rejected by others who recognised it as a violation of the laws of journalism in Italy, which require separating facts from opinions.

The new name was also met with the dissatisfaction of the Gazzettino journalists, considering the name to be a satirisation of the attacks, these people refused to reproduce it in the body of their articles, so that the name Monabomber was limited to the title. Even the Veneto journalists union and the FNSI distanced themselves from the Bacialli initiative. The change at the top in the editorial board of the Gazzettino finally returned the name back to Unabomber.

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