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Jayanta Bhatta
Jayanta Bhatta (c. 820 CE – c. 900 CE) was a poet, teacher, logician, and an advisor to King Sankaravarman of Kashmir. He was a philosopher of the Nyaya school of Hindu philosophy. He authored three works on Nyāya philosophy: one of which is not known, an allegorical drama, and a commentary on Pāṇinian grammar, He refutes the arguments given by Buddhist philosophers like Dharmakirti and Dignāga against the Vedas and establishes the authority of the Vedas.
Jayanta was born into a wealthy Gaur Brahmin family. He was a child prodigy, composing a commentary to Panini’s Ashtadhyayi and earned the name Nava-Vrittikara, or new commentator. Later in life, he mastered various shastra and agama, distinguished himself in scholarly debates, and passed his knowledge on to his students.[citation needed]
Jayanta's birth year, lifespan, dates of his written works are a subject of scholarly debates.[citation needed] His philosophical work Nyāyamañjarī as well as his drama Āgamaḍambara, refer to King Sankaravarman (883 – 902 CE) as a contemporary.[citation needed]
Kādambarikathāsāra, a work written by Jayanta's son Abhinanda, mentions that Jayanta's great grandfather was a minister of king Lalitaditya Muktapida, who was a ruler of the Karkota dynasty in the second quarter of the 8th century CE.[citation needed] Several attempts to specify his life span are based on references to his work by other authors and references to contemporary events and individuals in his work. They range from the middle of the 8th century CE to the start of the 10th century CE. However, most reliable estimates place him around the 9th century CE.[citation needed]
Kādambarikathāsāra provides some information about Jayanta's lineage. It says his ancestor Shakti was a Gaur Brahmin and a direct patriline descendant of Bharadwaja gotra from the Bengal, who lived in Darvabhisara, near the border of Kashmir. His son was named Mitra, and his grandson was Saktisvämin (Shaktisvamin).
Saktisvämin, the great grandfather of Jayanta, was a minister of Kashmir Lalitaditya Muktapida of the Karkota dynasty (c. 724 – 761 CE). Jayanta mentions in Nyayamanjari that his grandfather obtained a village named Gauramulaka, believed to have been located north of the modern town of Rajouri, from King Muktapida. Saktisvämin had a son named Chandra, Jayanta's father.
The Agamadambara provides details about Bhatta's political career.[citation needed] He was an adviser to Kashmiri king Sankaravarman. In his position, he played a role in banishing the Nilambara (Black-Blankets) sect from Kashmir.[citation needed] Commenting on Tantric literature, he argued that the Nilambara sect promoted "immoral teachings". Jayanta claimed the Nilambara "wear simply one blue garment, and then as a group engages in unconstrained public sex". He argued that this practice was "unnecessary" and threatened the fundamental values of society.
Jayanta wrote three known treatises on Nyaya philosophy, of which two survive.[citation needed] His first, the Nyayamanjari (A Cluster of Flowers of the Nyaya tree) is a commentary on Nyaya-aphorisms that serves as a critique of the theories of rival philosophical systems like the Mīmānsādarśana.[citation needed]
Jayanta Bhatta
Jayanta Bhatta (c. 820 CE – c. 900 CE) was a poet, teacher, logician, and an advisor to King Sankaravarman of Kashmir. He was a philosopher of the Nyaya school of Hindu philosophy. He authored three works on Nyāya philosophy: one of which is not known, an allegorical drama, and a commentary on Pāṇinian grammar, He refutes the arguments given by Buddhist philosophers like Dharmakirti and Dignāga against the Vedas and establishes the authority of the Vedas.
Jayanta was born into a wealthy Gaur Brahmin family. He was a child prodigy, composing a commentary to Panini’s Ashtadhyayi and earned the name Nava-Vrittikara, or new commentator. Later in life, he mastered various shastra and agama, distinguished himself in scholarly debates, and passed his knowledge on to his students.[citation needed]
Jayanta's birth year, lifespan, dates of his written works are a subject of scholarly debates.[citation needed] His philosophical work Nyāyamañjarī as well as his drama Āgamaḍambara, refer to King Sankaravarman (883 – 902 CE) as a contemporary.[citation needed]
Kādambarikathāsāra, a work written by Jayanta's son Abhinanda, mentions that Jayanta's great grandfather was a minister of king Lalitaditya Muktapida, who was a ruler of the Karkota dynasty in the second quarter of the 8th century CE.[citation needed] Several attempts to specify his life span are based on references to his work by other authors and references to contemporary events and individuals in his work. They range from the middle of the 8th century CE to the start of the 10th century CE. However, most reliable estimates place him around the 9th century CE.[citation needed]
Kādambarikathāsāra provides some information about Jayanta's lineage. It says his ancestor Shakti was a Gaur Brahmin and a direct patriline descendant of Bharadwaja gotra from the Bengal, who lived in Darvabhisara, near the border of Kashmir. His son was named Mitra, and his grandson was Saktisvämin (Shaktisvamin).
Saktisvämin, the great grandfather of Jayanta, was a minister of Kashmir Lalitaditya Muktapida of the Karkota dynasty (c. 724 – 761 CE). Jayanta mentions in Nyayamanjari that his grandfather obtained a village named Gauramulaka, believed to have been located north of the modern town of Rajouri, from King Muktapida. Saktisvämin had a son named Chandra, Jayanta's father.
The Agamadambara provides details about Bhatta's political career.[citation needed] He was an adviser to Kashmiri king Sankaravarman. In his position, he played a role in banishing the Nilambara (Black-Blankets) sect from Kashmir.[citation needed] Commenting on Tantric literature, he argued that the Nilambara sect promoted "immoral teachings". Jayanta claimed the Nilambara "wear simply one blue garment, and then as a group engages in unconstrained public sex". He argued that this practice was "unnecessary" and threatened the fundamental values of society.
Jayanta wrote three known treatises on Nyaya philosophy, of which two survive.[citation needed] His first, the Nyayamanjari (A Cluster of Flowers of the Nyaya tree) is a commentary on Nyaya-aphorisms that serves as a critique of the theories of rival philosophical systems like the Mīmānsādarśana.[citation needed]