Jesse William Sweetser (April 18, 1902 – May 27, 1989) was an amateur golfer, best known as the first American-born player to win the British Amateur.

In 1902, Sweetser was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He later attended Phillips Exeter Academy.

For college, Sweetser attended Yale University. He was a member of the Yale Bulldogs golf team. In 1920, Sweetser won the individual title at the NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championships. While at Yale, Sweetser regularly played the U.S. Amateur. He played the 1922 U.S. Amateur at the age of 20, defeating Bobby Jones, 8 and 7, in the semi-final and then Chick Evans, 3 and 2, in the final match. The following year, at the 1923 U.S. Amateur, he again made it to the finals again but lost on the second playoff hole to Max Marston. He also played on the original Walker Cup team in 1922.

In his professional life, Sweetser started work as a stockbroker in the 1920s, and later went to work for Curtiss-Wright. He still played high-level amateur golf during this timeframe. In 1926, Sweetser won the British Amateur at Muirfield, defeating Scottish amateur Fred Simpson, 6 and 5, in the final match. He continued to play for the American team of the Walker Cup team for the remainder of the 1920s. He was also selected for the 1930 team but withdrew for business reasons.

In 1967, Sweetser retired as vice-president of Martin Marietta. In his retirement, he maintained involvement with the golf world. In 1967 and 1973, he was the captain of the American Walker Cup team. Sweetser also served as treasurer and on the executive committee of the United States Golf Association late in life.

Sweetser died on May 27, 1989, in Bethesda, Maryland.

In 1986, he was named the Bob Jones Award winner, given in recognition of distinguished sportsmanship in golf.

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