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John Henry Brown
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John Henry Brown
John Henry Brown (October 29, 1820 – May 31, 1895) was an American journalist, military leader, author, politician, and historian, who served as a state legislator and as mayor of both Galveston (1856) and Dallas, Texas (1885–1887). Brown was among the first to publish scholarly histories of the state of Texas and the city of Dallas.
Since the late 20th century, Brown has been the subject of significant criticism. His writing and speeches, particularly in the antebellum years, expressed considerable racism and discrimination against African Americans, most of whom in Texas gained freedom only after the Civil War and emancipation. He also opposed abolitionists and later whites who were sympathetic to the freedmen.
John Henry Brown was born in 1820 in Pike County, Missouri Territory, the son of Henry S. Brown and Margaret Kerr (Jones) Brown. He received little formal schooling but apprenticed as a youth in a printer's office and various newspapers in Missouri. At age 17, Brown moved to the recently established Republic of Texas and soon was working for a newspaper in Austin.
His military career began in 1840 in skirmishes against Indians, and by 1841 he had attained the rank of first sergeant. He was involved in several battles in the succeeding two years.
In April 1843 Brown returned to Missouri, where in July of that year he married Marion F. Mitchel. They eventually had five children together. In 1845 the couple migrated to Texas to live. In 1846, Brown was commissioned as a major in the militia of Texas, which had joined the union as a state in December 1845. He resumed his newspaper career the same year.
In 1848, the Brown family moved to Indianola, Texas. There Brown founded a newspaper and published a number of documents on the history of Texas and the Southwest.
Brown became the associate editor of a newspaper in Galveston in 1854. He was elected that year to the Texas legislature, and in 1856 he became mayor of Galveston. He returned to the state legislature in 1857. After another term, he moved to Belton, Texas, and continued activities in both journalism and the military.
As the Civil War approached, Brown was selected in 1861 to chair the committee that prepared Texas's articles of secession. Beginning service in the Confederate States Army as a private, he rose to the rank of major, serving on the staff of Brig. Gen. Benjamin McCulloch, then as assistant adjutant general on the staff of Gen. Henry E. McCulloch. Because of health issues, Brown returned to Texas in 1863; he served the remainder of the war in the Texas militia.
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John Henry Brown
John Henry Brown (October 29, 1820 – May 31, 1895) was an American journalist, military leader, author, politician, and historian, who served as a state legislator and as mayor of both Galveston (1856) and Dallas, Texas (1885–1887). Brown was among the first to publish scholarly histories of the state of Texas and the city of Dallas.
Since the late 20th century, Brown has been the subject of significant criticism. His writing and speeches, particularly in the antebellum years, expressed considerable racism and discrimination against African Americans, most of whom in Texas gained freedom only after the Civil War and emancipation. He also opposed abolitionists and later whites who were sympathetic to the freedmen.
John Henry Brown was born in 1820 in Pike County, Missouri Territory, the son of Henry S. Brown and Margaret Kerr (Jones) Brown. He received little formal schooling but apprenticed as a youth in a printer's office and various newspapers in Missouri. At age 17, Brown moved to the recently established Republic of Texas and soon was working for a newspaper in Austin.
His military career began in 1840 in skirmishes against Indians, and by 1841 he had attained the rank of first sergeant. He was involved in several battles in the succeeding two years.
In April 1843 Brown returned to Missouri, where in July of that year he married Marion F. Mitchel. They eventually had five children together. In 1845 the couple migrated to Texas to live. In 1846, Brown was commissioned as a major in the militia of Texas, which had joined the union as a state in December 1845. He resumed his newspaper career the same year.
In 1848, the Brown family moved to Indianola, Texas. There Brown founded a newspaper and published a number of documents on the history of Texas and the Southwest.
Brown became the associate editor of a newspaper in Galveston in 1854. He was elected that year to the Texas legislature, and in 1856 he became mayor of Galveston. He returned to the state legislature in 1857. After another term, he moved to Belton, Texas, and continued activities in both journalism and the military.
As the Civil War approached, Brown was selected in 1861 to chair the committee that prepared Texas's articles of secession. Beginning service in the Confederate States Army as a private, he rose to the rank of major, serving on the staff of Brig. Gen. Benjamin McCulloch, then as assistant adjutant general on the staff of Gen. Henry E. McCulloch. Because of health issues, Brown returned to Texas in 1863; he served the remainder of the war in the Texas militia.
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