Kaadhalan (soundtrack)

For the film's soundtrack and score, Shankar renewed his association with A. R. Rahman, after previously collaborating with him in Gentleman (1993). Rahman experimented new styles for the film's music, with "Petta Rap" written by Shankar (in his only stint as a lyricist) featured lyrics in Madras Bashai and written in a rap-like style, interspersing Tamil and English words.^[4] Although composed in a folk style, Rahman further used keyboards and synthesizers.^[4] P. Unnikrishnan made his playback singing debut with the song "Ennavale Ennavale" which is set in Kedaram raga.^[5] The song emerged as the breakthrough for the singer.^[6] During the recording of the song "Mukkabla", Rahman wanted Mano's voice to sound like R. D. Burman's as a means to distance him from S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, to whom he was frequently compared.^[7]

Though not a part of the cast in the film, actress Urvashi recalled in a 2025 interview on how Vaali had wrote the song based on her name;^[8] this was due to her own disagreement with the lyricist on recording a song for Magalir Mattum (1994).^[8] She added: "When I heard it and saw Prabhu Deva’s dance, it was quite different from the ones typical of that era. When I asked him if they had written the song mocking me, he said no and assured me that it was penned in good faith."^[8]

Prabhu Deva's father Mugur Sundar and his brother Raju Sundaram choreographed the songs.^[4] "Urvasi Urvasi" was filmed at various landmarks across Madras (now Chennai), with art director Thota Tharani specially created a glass bus for the song.^[9][10] The song "Ennavale" was filmed at Kulu Manali.^[9] "Muqabla" was shot at Rajahmundry.^[9] Prior to the shoot of the two songs, Prabhu Deva torn a ligament on the left leg while filming an action sequence. While he walked for a short sequence in "Ennavale", the song "Muqabla" required heavy movements and could not move his left leg due to pain. This led him in dancing the entire song in right leg. He wore a crepe bandage in his left leg and shoes of different sizes—9 on the left and 10 on the right—and choreographed the song that way.^[11]

The soundtrack earned national acclaim for Rahman, with "Urvasi Urvasi", "Mukkabla" and "Ennavale" becoming chartbusters.^[12] Numerous versions of the song were created unofficially, which resulted in the song achieving a distinction of most plagiarised versions of an original song by Limca Book of Records for Rahman.^[4] Owing to the success and immense national popularity of the song "Mukkabla", the soundtrack was subsequently dubbed in Hindi as Humse Hai Muqabala and in Telugu as Premikudu.^[13][14] Lyrics for this versions were written by P. K. Mishra and Rajasri respectively. The Hindi version of the soundtrack, Humse Hai Muqabala, sold 2.5 million units in India.^[15]

In 2014, the song "Urvasi Urvasi" inspired the song "It's My Birthday" by American rapper will.i.am.^[18][19] In 2016, the song was featured in the film Lion.^[20] It was later recreated by Yo Yo Honey Singh.^[21] In 2019, the song "Mukkabla" was subsequently remade by Tanishk Bagchi in Hindi for the film Street Dancer 3D (2020) and an unofficial version of "Mukkabla" is featured on the Pakistani film Love 95 (1996) starting Babar Ali, Jan Rambo, Reema and Sahiba.^[22][23]