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Kabyle grammar

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Kabyle grammar

Kabyle grammar is the set of structural rules and regulations included in the Kabyle language, ranging from words to phrases, to punctuation, and sentences.

CS:construct state FS:free state ANN:annexed state ABS:free state

As an Afro-Asiatic language, Kabyle has only two genders, masculine and feminine. Like most Berber languages, masculine nouns and adjectives generally start with a vowel (a-, i-, u-), while the feminine nouns generally start with t- and end with a -t (there are some exceptions, however). Note that most feminine nouns are in fact feminized versions of masculine nouns.

Examples:

Certain masculine nouns do not start with a vowel: laẓ "hunger", seksu "couscous", and beṭṭu "separation". These include the names of relatives: gma "my brother", mmi "my son", and baba "my father".

Certain feminine nouns do not end with a -t: tasa "liver", tili "shadow", and timess "fire".

Certain feminine nouns do start wi a t-: lexdma "work" and rradyu "radio". These include the names of relatives: weltma "my sisterm", yelli "my daughter", and yemma "my mother".

Loan words that end with a consonant are usually masculine: zzman "time" (from Arabic); Loan words that end with a vowel are usually feminine: qahwa "coffee".

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