Kambara is an extinct genus of mekosuchine crocodylian that lived during the Eocene epoch in Australia. It is generally thought to have been a semi-aquatic generalist, living a lifestyle similar to many of today's crocodiles. Four species are currently recognised, the sympatric Kambara murgonensis and Kambara implexidens from sediments near Murgon, the poorly preserved Kambara molnari from the Rundle Formation and the youngest of the four, Kambara taraina, also from the Rundle Formation. Kambara were medium-sized crocodilians, with mature specimens generally reaching lengths from 3–4 m (9.8–13.1 ft).

Species of Kambara are easiest differentiated by the different occlusal patterns of their teeth. While K. murgonensis had an overbite similar to a modern alligator, both K. implexidens and K. taraina had interlocking dentition much more similar to true crocodiles. K. molnari, although incompletely known, seems to represent an intermediate form.

Despite plentiful fossils, the ecology of Kambara is poorly understood. The general shape of the skull, which is flattened, and the environment the fossils were deposited in, all suggest that they were semi-aquatic ambush predators like modern crocodilians. However, subtle differences in the postcranial remains, especially the limb bones, suggest that Kambara may have been better adapted at walking on land than the two crocodile species still inhabiting Australia today, the saltwater and freshwater crocodile. While this could suggest that it was faster on land than living crocodilians, it does not necessarily mean that it was terrestrial like some later mekosuchines are thought to have been. Another question regarding its ecology is posed by the coexistence of K. murgonensis and K. implexidens at Murgon. It is unclear how exactly these two species differed in their niche, but they did differ notably in their anatomy, with the latter being slightly more gracile and with interlocking teeth. It is also possible that the two species didn't coexist at all, but instead were driven together by drought.

As the oldest described and named mekosuchine, Kambara is considered an important piece in understanding the evolutionary history and origin of this group. Phylogenetic analyses recover it as one of the earliest diverging mekosuchines, but recent studies have commonly found other taxa like Kalthifrons or Australosuchus to be the oldest diverging. Other studies suggest that Kambara was no mekosuchine at all, but said results are not supported by all authors.

Remains of Kambara are exclusively known from the Paleogene of Australia, with the first remains found in rock units of what may be part of the Oakdale Sandstone Formation near the township of Murgon, Queensland. Although known for half a century, the material was first formally described by Ralph Molnar in 1982, who reported a lower jaw bone he believed to belong to a Miocene crocodylid. While noting similarities to other Australian crocodilians, notably Australosuchus (named nine years later), Molnar refrained from naming the material due to the fragmentary nature of the dentary.

The mid 1980s saw the discovery of mammal remains in the area, leading to increased study and revised dating. This new-found attention led to the discovery of several additional crocodilian fossils, including a largely complete skull (QM F21115) collected in 1991. The genus Kambara, with K. murgonensis as the type species, was finally established in 1993 by Paul Willis, Ralph Molnar and John D. Scanlon, who tentatively referred all Murgon crocodile fossils to this taxon. Even at this time it was noted that Kambara seemingly showed a high degree of variation among its fossils, in particular regarding the better preserved lower jaws. For this reason, it was suggested that the fossils could belong to multiple species of a single genus. This was confirmed when a second species, Kambara implexidens, was named three years later on the basis of new material collected from the same locality, with some of the previously recovered fossils now being assigned to this taxon.

A third species was named in 2005 in the form of K. molnari, although it stands out as the species with the least amount of available material. Like with the species before it, K. molnari was known for a while, with the type specimen found in 1991. However the material was not closely examined until the description of K. implexidens.

The most recent addition to this genus was K. taraina, named in 2009 by Lucas A. Buchanan. Although the type description is limited to the skull material (two crania and a lower jaw), which is easily comparable to the previously established species, Buchanan takes note of a "considerable amount" of postcranial remains. These remains were partly described in a thesis, but unlike the cranial material have not been formally published. An exception to this is the humerus, which was covered by Stein et al. and noted to differ greatly from modern forms. K. taraina has been recovered from the Rundle Formation, however, it was not sympatric with K. molnari, which stems from older stratigraphic layers.