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Kigoriak
Kigoriak (Russian: Кигориак) was a Canadian and later Russian icebreaking anchor handling tug supply vessel. Built by Saint John Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company for Canadian Marine Drilling (Canmar) in 1979 as Canmar Kigoriak, she was the first commercial icebreaking vessel developed to support offshore oil exploration in the Beaufort Sea.
When Canmar's icebreaker fleet was sold in 1997, the vessel's name was shortened to Kigoria and she was reflagged to Liberia. For the next six years, International Transport Contractors used the icebreaker mainly for ocean towage and salvage operations in the Atlantic Ocean. The vessel changed hands again in 2003 when she was sold to her current owner, FEMCO Group, and renamed first Talagy (Russian: Талаги) and, in 2010, Kigoriak.
After more than four decades of service, Kigoriak was sold for scrap in January 2022.
In the mid-1970s, Canadian Marine Drilling (Canmar), the drilling subsidiary of Dome Petroleum, began drilling for oil in the Canadian part of the Beaufort Sea using ice-strengthened drillships and an extensive support fleet of icebreaking vessels. Aiming for year-round operations, the company also began developing its own experimental icebreaker concepts to support exploration drilling and, eventually, production-related operations.
The first vessel of this research and development program represented a radical departure from previous icebreaker design. In just eight weeks, Canmar's engineering and design team developed an icebreaker concept which emphasized simplicity and ease of construction to ensure quick delivery. While traditional icebreakers featured rounded hulls which were expensive to produce, in Canmar's design approximately 80 % of the shell plating consisted of flat plates and hard chines. The spoon-shaped bow also featured reamers to improve turning capability in ice by breaking a channel that wider than the vertical-sided midbody. While the hull surface was initially left unpainted with only a handful of sacrificial anodes, the bow was lined with nozzles that pumped 12,000 tons of sea water per hour onto the ice to reduce hull-ice friction. In the engine room, the simplest type of propulsion system was adopted: while most icebreakers featured diesel-driven generators, transformers and electric propulsion motors driving multiple shafts, Canmar opted for two medium-speed diesel engines mechanically geared to a single propeller shaft. The controllable-pitch propeller was shrouded in a nozzle that not only protected it from ice, but also increased thrust by 30 % at lower speeds.
Most icebreakers have two or more screws and people thought we were crazy with adopting the one-prop concept ... but we decided to put all of our eggs in one basket, and then made that basket stronger than hell.
— Gordon Harrison, President, Canadian Marine Drilling
After the icebreaker concept had been developed, Canmar hired the Vancouver-based engineering company Arctic Offshore Design to produce a tender package which was then handed over to Saint John Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company for detailed planning and construction. Laid down on 5 April 1979 and launched only few months later as Canmar Kigoriak, the icebreaker was built in record time of only eight and a half months at a cost of about 25 million Canadian dollars. She was delivered to Canmar on 4 September 1979 and hastily departed to the Beaufort Sea shortly afterwards.
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Kigoriak
Kigoriak (Russian: Кигориак) was a Canadian and later Russian icebreaking anchor handling tug supply vessel. Built by Saint John Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company for Canadian Marine Drilling (Canmar) in 1979 as Canmar Kigoriak, she was the first commercial icebreaking vessel developed to support offshore oil exploration in the Beaufort Sea.
When Canmar's icebreaker fleet was sold in 1997, the vessel's name was shortened to Kigoria and she was reflagged to Liberia. For the next six years, International Transport Contractors used the icebreaker mainly for ocean towage and salvage operations in the Atlantic Ocean. The vessel changed hands again in 2003 when she was sold to her current owner, FEMCO Group, and renamed first Talagy (Russian: Талаги) and, in 2010, Kigoriak.
After more than four decades of service, Kigoriak was sold for scrap in January 2022.
In the mid-1970s, Canadian Marine Drilling (Canmar), the drilling subsidiary of Dome Petroleum, began drilling for oil in the Canadian part of the Beaufort Sea using ice-strengthened drillships and an extensive support fleet of icebreaking vessels. Aiming for year-round operations, the company also began developing its own experimental icebreaker concepts to support exploration drilling and, eventually, production-related operations.
The first vessel of this research and development program represented a radical departure from previous icebreaker design. In just eight weeks, Canmar's engineering and design team developed an icebreaker concept which emphasized simplicity and ease of construction to ensure quick delivery. While traditional icebreakers featured rounded hulls which were expensive to produce, in Canmar's design approximately 80 % of the shell plating consisted of flat plates and hard chines. The spoon-shaped bow also featured reamers to improve turning capability in ice by breaking a channel that wider than the vertical-sided midbody. While the hull surface was initially left unpainted with only a handful of sacrificial anodes, the bow was lined with nozzles that pumped 12,000 tons of sea water per hour onto the ice to reduce hull-ice friction. In the engine room, the simplest type of propulsion system was adopted: while most icebreakers featured diesel-driven generators, transformers and electric propulsion motors driving multiple shafts, Canmar opted for two medium-speed diesel engines mechanically geared to a single propeller shaft. The controllable-pitch propeller was shrouded in a nozzle that not only protected it from ice, but also increased thrust by 30 % at lower speeds.
Most icebreakers have two or more screws and people thought we were crazy with adopting the one-prop concept ... but we decided to put all of our eggs in one basket, and then made that basket stronger than hell.
— Gordon Harrison, President, Canadian Marine Drilling
After the icebreaker concept had been developed, Canmar hired the Vancouver-based engineering company Arctic Offshore Design to produce a tender package which was then handed over to Saint John Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company for detailed planning and construction. Laid down on 5 April 1979 and launched only few months later as Canmar Kigoriak, the icebreaker was built in record time of only eight and a half months at a cost of about 25 million Canadian dollars. She was delivered to Canmar on 4 September 1979 and hastily departed to the Beaufort Sea shortly afterwards.