Liloan, officially the Municipality of Liloan (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Liloan; Tagalog: Bayan ng Liloan), is a municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 158,387 people, making it the most populated municipality in Cebu and the whole Visayas.

Along its coastline, there is a spot called Silot, where a whirlpool is created by the ebbs and flows of the waters from the bay. This phenomenon is called lilo in Cebuano. Because of this, the town was known as Liloan, meaning "a place where there is a lilo".

The creation of the municipality of Lilo‑an could have been at the same time the parish was established, but not earlier than its being a parish. As recorded, the first priest of Lilo‑ served in 1845. The term of the first mayor was from 1845 to 1846.

During the war years (World War II), Lilo‑an had three mayors at one time.

Liloan is bordered on the north by the town of Compostela, to the west by Cebu City, on the east by the Camotes Sea, and on the south by the town of Consolacion. It is 18 kilometres (11 mi) from Cebu City. Liloan lies within Metro Cebu.

Liloan is politically subdivided into 14 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

Poverty incidence of Liloan

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority