The Linggi River (Malay: Sungai Linggi) is a river in Malaysia which flows through the states of Negeri Sembilan and Malacca. It is one of two major rivers that serve as water sources for most of Negeri Sembilan's population, the other being the Muar River, which lies within the state's eastern half.

The name Linggi means 'stem' in Buginese and refers to the strongest vertical plate at the bow of a ship. The namesake town of Linggi, Negeri Sembilan on the river's eastern bank was predominantly settled by native Malays of Bugis descent (whom are mostly descendants of migrants from neighbouring Selangor state with ancestral roots in South Sulawesi, Indonesia) although most of Negeri Sembilan's ethnic Malays are of Minangkabau heritage. Portuguese cartographic records dating back to the 17th century refer the river as the Panagim.

The Linggi, alongside the Muar, played a key role as trade routes since the era of the Malacca Sultanate around the 15th century, as well as the main entry points for the Minangkabau people to enter what is now known as Negeri Sembilan. The former served as the only route linking the tin-rich area of Sungai Ujong to the eponymous port city of Malacca, while the latter was part of the famous Laluan Penarikan, a cross-peninsular riverine route that connects the town of Muar on the west coast with Pekan on the east coast, linking to the Pahang River via the Serting River in Jempol.

Several conflicts took place around the river in the 19th century:

In 1766, the sultanate of Selangor was founded under the leadership of Sultan Salehuddin after years of Buginese influx to the area, with Kuala Selangor being the first centre of administration. In the following years, they expanded south towards the Linggi River, annexing the area within Sepang River, which was previously under Sungai Ujong, in the process. This has led to the dissatisfaction of Dato' Klana Sendeng, the Undang of Sungai Ujong at the time, as the Linggi River was within his dominion, and he was also responsible for the taxations in the area as well.

In 1862, he expressed objection towards the Sultan of Selangor, Sultan Abdul Samad, over the annexation of the Linggi River, as well as Tanjung Tuan. A delegate of the sultanate, Raja Abdullah, was sent to negotiate with him regarding the border dispute a year later. Also present in the negotiation was Capt. Playfair of the Straits Settlement of Malacca. The negotiation ended with Raja Abdullah, in reluctance, cedes Lukut and the Linggi River to Sungai Ujong viva voce. Nevertheless, Selangorean nobles continued to rule over these areas.

The dispute rose again in 1866, which resulted in Sultan Abdul Samad cedes the river to Dato' Klana Sendeng as the boundary between the two territories two years later in a written statement, and it fared negative reactions from the nobles of Klang and Lukut. The dispute ensued until in 1878, where the crisis was solved in a treaty witnessed by B. Douglas, the Resident of Selangor; P.J. Murray, the Resident of Sungai Ujong; Sultan Abdul Samad and Dato' Klana Syed Abdul Rahman. Following the treaty, the border between Selangor and Sungai Ujong (later modern Negeri Sembilan) is set along the course of the Sepang River until today. An agreement regarding the cession of Lukut into Sungai Ujong was signed in Singapore on 30 July 1880. In response, Sungai Ujong ceded the northern part of its territory (Semenyih, Kajang, Bangi, Beranang and Broga) to Selangor.

Dato' Klana Syed Abdul Rahman had been rivals with another nobleman from the same area, Dato' Bandar Abdullah Tunggal. Syed Abdul Rahman was instated as the Undang of Sungai Ujong in 1872, in the wake of the death of his uncle, Dato' Klana Sendeng. Since then, they engaged in a tight competition in spreading their influence throughout the chiefdom, as well as to gain control over the Linggi River. Speaking of areas of influence, Dato' Klana Syed Abdul Rahman's dominion covers Ampangan, Setul, Lenggeng and parts of Seremban; while Dato' Bandar Abdullah Tunggal's cover Rasah, extending northwards to Labu.