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Lisbon Airport
Humberto Delgado Airport (IATA: LIS, ICAO: LPPT) — informally Lisbon Airport and previously Portela Airport — is an international airport located seven kilometres (four nautical miles) northeast of the historical city centre of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. With more than 35 million passengers per year, it is the 12th-largest airport in Europe in terms of passenger volume, and the busiest single-runway airport in mainland Europe. It also carries approximately 200,000 tonnes of cargo per year.
The airport is the main hub of Portugal's flag carrier TAP Air Portugal, including its subsidiary TAP Express, and is a hub for low-cost carriers Ryanair and easyJet. It is a focus city for Azores Airlines, euroAtlantic Airways, Hi Fly, and White Airways. It is a major hub for flights to and from South America, notably Brazil, and Africa. The airport is run by the national airport operator ANA Aeroportos de Portugal, which in 2012 was granted under a 50-year-concession contract to the French group Vinci Airports, whose Portuguese branch is headed by José Luís Arnaut.
The airport is expected to be shut down after the Lisbon Luís de Camões Airport is fully operational, scheduled for 2034. In the meantime, it remains as one of the most congested airports in Europe and one of the only major airports to have an approach path directly over the city, which leads to noise pollution. Over 414,000 people live within a 5 km (3.1 mi) radius of the airport, the highest number among major airports in Europe. There is an increased risk for hypertension, diabetes, and dementia among nearby residents due to exposure to ultrafine particles left suspended in the air by planes. It has consistently ranked dismally in customer satisfaction, with AirHelp polling it sixth from the last amongst 239 airports in 2024. Planning of the construction of a new airport elsewhere started in the mid-1960s, when it was recognised Portela had virtually impossible prospects of expansion. Subsequently, relocation plans have been postponed or suspended for a myriad of reasons. There are ongoing debates regarding staffing for border and security scrutiny, the optimization of slot attributions, and the best use of the current infrastructure.
The airport opened on 15 October 1942, during World War II, and initially operated in conjunction with the Cabo Ruivo Seaplane Base: seaplanes performed transatlantic flights, and passengers were transferred onto continental flights operating from the new airport. As a neutral airport, it was open to both German and British airlines, and was a hub for smuggling people into, out of, and across Europe. It is widely referenced in the classic film Casablanca, whose plot revolves around an escape attempt to Lisbon airport. As such, it was heavily monitored by both Axis and Allied spies. Although Portugal was neutral, the airport was used by allied flights en route to Gibraltar, North Africa and Cairo.
At the end of the war the airport developed rapidly, and by 1946 was used by major airlines such as Air France, British European Airways, Iberia, KLM, Sabena, Pan Am and Trans World Airlines.[citation needed] By 1954 the number of passengers reached 100,000. A 1951–1952 airport diagram shows four runways laid out at 45-degree angles: 1,350 m (4,429 ft) Runway 5, 1,024 m (3,360 ft) Runway 9, 1,203 m (3,947 ft) Runway 14, and 1,170 m (3,839 ft) Runway 18. Runways 5 and 36 were each later extended northward to a length of 1,999 m (6,558 ft). Major upgrades from 1959 to 1962 included a new runway capable of handling the first generation of jets, such as the Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8. The first jet aircraft flight was an Air France Caravelle in 1960. In 1962 runway 02/20 came into use. It was 3,130 m (10,269 ft) long and would allow direct transatlantic flights. The first direct flight to New York was operated by TWA with a Boeing 707, who later operated the first Boeing 747 service in 1970. When TAP ordered the 747 in 1972, five large parking bays were built, and the terminal was enlarged. A major upgrade to the buildings and facilities commenced in 1983, and the first air bridges were added in 1991.
Along with the airports in Porto, Faro, Ponta Delgada, Santa Maria, Horta, Flores, Madeira, and Porto Santo, the airport's concessions to provide support to civil aviation were conceded to ANA Aeroportos de Portugal on 18 December 1998, under provisions of decree 404/98. With this concession, ANA became responsible for the planning, development and construction of future infrastructure.
The construction of Terminal 2 was concluded and operational since August 2007. Expansion of Terminal 1 with new boarding gates was concluded in 2011. A large new shopping and restaurant area, new airbridges and parking positions, a more efficient use of currently existing structures, and a new underground Lisbon Metro station were inaugurated in July 2012.[citation needed] In October 2010, easyJet opened a new base at Lisbon Airport, using Terminal 2 for departures. In 2022, the airline moved to Terminal 1.
Between 2007 and 2013, Lisbon Airport underwent several structural and equipment improvements and expansions. These included the construction of Terminal 2, lighting and baggage claim refurbishment, new cargo facilities, fuel storage, north pier and boarding lounge, north bus gate and baggage claim, enlargement of express cargo facilities, electrical refurbishments, departure lounge refurbishments and underground station and other terminal improvements all of which have been completed. In July 2013, a new commercial area was inaugurated in the Terminal 1 air side area with 20 new stores and spacious naturally lighted internal circulation areas.
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Lisbon Airport
Humberto Delgado Airport (IATA: LIS, ICAO: LPPT) — informally Lisbon Airport and previously Portela Airport — is an international airport located seven kilometres (four nautical miles) northeast of the historical city centre of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. With more than 35 million passengers per year, it is the 12th-largest airport in Europe in terms of passenger volume, and the busiest single-runway airport in mainland Europe. It also carries approximately 200,000 tonnes of cargo per year.
The airport is the main hub of Portugal's flag carrier TAP Air Portugal, including its subsidiary TAP Express, and is a hub for low-cost carriers Ryanair and easyJet. It is a focus city for Azores Airlines, euroAtlantic Airways, Hi Fly, and White Airways. It is a major hub for flights to and from South America, notably Brazil, and Africa. The airport is run by the national airport operator ANA Aeroportos de Portugal, which in 2012 was granted under a 50-year-concession contract to the French group Vinci Airports, whose Portuguese branch is headed by José Luís Arnaut.
The airport is expected to be shut down after the Lisbon Luís de Camões Airport is fully operational, scheduled for 2034. In the meantime, it remains as one of the most congested airports in Europe and one of the only major airports to have an approach path directly over the city, which leads to noise pollution. Over 414,000 people live within a 5 km (3.1 mi) radius of the airport, the highest number among major airports in Europe. There is an increased risk for hypertension, diabetes, and dementia among nearby residents due to exposure to ultrafine particles left suspended in the air by planes. It has consistently ranked dismally in customer satisfaction, with AirHelp polling it sixth from the last amongst 239 airports in 2024. Planning of the construction of a new airport elsewhere started in the mid-1960s, when it was recognised Portela had virtually impossible prospects of expansion. Subsequently, relocation plans have been postponed or suspended for a myriad of reasons. There are ongoing debates regarding staffing for border and security scrutiny, the optimization of slot attributions, and the best use of the current infrastructure.
The airport opened on 15 October 1942, during World War II, and initially operated in conjunction with the Cabo Ruivo Seaplane Base: seaplanes performed transatlantic flights, and passengers were transferred onto continental flights operating from the new airport. As a neutral airport, it was open to both German and British airlines, and was a hub for smuggling people into, out of, and across Europe. It is widely referenced in the classic film Casablanca, whose plot revolves around an escape attempt to Lisbon airport. As such, it was heavily monitored by both Axis and Allied spies. Although Portugal was neutral, the airport was used by allied flights en route to Gibraltar, North Africa and Cairo.
At the end of the war the airport developed rapidly, and by 1946 was used by major airlines such as Air France, British European Airways, Iberia, KLM, Sabena, Pan Am and Trans World Airlines.[citation needed] By 1954 the number of passengers reached 100,000. A 1951–1952 airport diagram shows four runways laid out at 45-degree angles: 1,350 m (4,429 ft) Runway 5, 1,024 m (3,360 ft) Runway 9, 1,203 m (3,947 ft) Runway 14, and 1,170 m (3,839 ft) Runway 18. Runways 5 and 36 were each later extended northward to a length of 1,999 m (6,558 ft). Major upgrades from 1959 to 1962 included a new runway capable of handling the first generation of jets, such as the Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8. The first jet aircraft flight was an Air France Caravelle in 1960. In 1962 runway 02/20 came into use. It was 3,130 m (10,269 ft) long and would allow direct transatlantic flights. The first direct flight to New York was operated by TWA with a Boeing 707, who later operated the first Boeing 747 service in 1970. When TAP ordered the 747 in 1972, five large parking bays were built, and the terminal was enlarged. A major upgrade to the buildings and facilities commenced in 1983, and the first air bridges were added in 1991.
Along with the airports in Porto, Faro, Ponta Delgada, Santa Maria, Horta, Flores, Madeira, and Porto Santo, the airport's concessions to provide support to civil aviation were conceded to ANA Aeroportos de Portugal on 18 December 1998, under provisions of decree 404/98. With this concession, ANA became responsible for the planning, development and construction of future infrastructure.
The construction of Terminal 2 was concluded and operational since August 2007. Expansion of Terminal 1 with new boarding gates was concluded in 2011. A large new shopping and restaurant area, new airbridges and parking positions, a more efficient use of currently existing structures, and a new underground Lisbon Metro station were inaugurated in July 2012.[citation needed] In October 2010, easyJet opened a new base at Lisbon Airport, using Terminal 2 for departures. In 2022, the airline moved to Terminal 1.
Between 2007 and 2013, Lisbon Airport underwent several structural and equipment improvements and expansions. These included the construction of Terminal 2, lighting and baggage claim refurbishment, new cargo facilities, fuel storage, north pier and boarding lounge, north bus gate and baggage claim, enlargement of express cargo facilities, electrical refurbishments, departure lounge refurbishments and underground station and other terminal improvements all of which have been completed. In July 2013, a new commercial area was inaugurated in the Terminal 1 air side area with 20 new stores and spacious naturally lighted internal circulation areas.
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