The following is a list of Australians who have attained general officer rank in the Australian Army; that is, officers who have held the rank of field marshal (five-star rank), general (four-star rank), lieutenant general (three-star rank), major general (two-star rank) or brigadier general (one-star rank). The Commonwealth Military Forces were established on 1 March 1901, following the Federation of Australia, as Australia's ground forces. The service was reorganised and re-titled as the Australian Military Forces in 1916 and then to the Australian Army in 1980. Major Downes, commandant of the military forces in Victoria in 1901 and a retired British Army major general, saw his British Army rank reciprocated in the Commonwealth Military Forces; he thus became the first person to attain general officer rank in the Australian forces.

The number of general officers swelled during the First World War, as Australia committed five infantry and the core of two mounted divisions to the war effort. In 1917, on assuming command of the Desert Column, Sir Harry Chauvel became simultaneously the first Australian to command a corps and the first to be promoted to lieutenant general. Chauvel was made Chief of the General Staff, the professional head of the Australian Military Forces, post-war and—alongside Sir John Monash—was in 1929 the first officer to be promoted to full general. The Australian Military Forces again mushroomed during the Second World War, peaking at eleven infantry and three armoured divisions. In recognition of his service as Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Military Forces during the war, Sir Thomas Blamey was promoted to field marshal in 1950. He remains the only non-royal to attain the substantive rank of field marshal in the Australian Army. A further twelve officers have achieved the rank of general, 46 lieutenant general, and at least 262 major general, while a further 31 achieved brigadier general before the rank was abolished and replaced by the senior officer (non-general) rank of brigadier in the 1920s. Eleven officers have additionally retired with the honorary rank of lieutenant general, and 29 as honorary major generals.

The rank of general is the most senior active rank in the Australian Army. Only the five-star rank of field marshal is higher, but it is reserved for exceptional circumstances and only Sir Thomas Blamey (1950) has attained the rank in a non-ceremonial capacity. There are currently no appointments in the Australian Defence Force (ADF) at the five-star level. With the current structure of the ADF, the rank of general is held only when an officer of the Australian Army is appointed as Chief of the Defence Force.

Generals of the Australian Army are as follows:

Lieutenant general is the highest permanent rank in the Australian Army. The rank of lieutenant general is always held by the Chief of Army, though is also held when an Australian Army officer is appointed as Vice Chief of the Defence Force, Chief of Joint Operations, Chief of Joint Capabilities, Chief of Defence Intelligence, Chief of Personnel or an equivalent position.

Lieutenant generals of the Australian Army are as follows: