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MED14
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Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 14 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MED14 gene.[5][6][7]
The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. This protein contains a bipartite nuclear localization signal. This gene is known to escape chromosome X-inactivation.[7]
Interactions
[edit]MED14 has been shown to interact with PPARGC1A,[8] Estrogen receptor alpha,[9] STAT2,[10] Cyclin-dependent kinase 8,[11][12] Glucocorticoid receptor[13] and Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha.[14][15]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000180182 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000064127 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Ryu S, Zhou S, Ladurner AG, Tjian R (Feb 1999). "The transcriptional cofactor complex CRSP is required for activity of the enhancer-binding protein Sp1". Nature. 397 (6718): 446–50. Bibcode:1999Natur.397..446R. doi:10.1038/17141. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0019-A36A-8. PMID 9989412. S2CID 4405569.
- ^ Yoshikawa H, Fujiyama A, Nakai K, Inazawa J, Matsubara K (Aug 1998). "Detection and isolation of a novel human gene located on Xp11.2-p11.4 that escapes X-inactivation using a two-dimensional DNA mapping method". Genomics. 49 (2): 237–46. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5246. PMID 9598311.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: CRSP2 cofactor required for Sp1 transcriptional activation, subunit 2, 150kDa".
- ^ Wallberg, Annika E; Yamamura Soichiro; Malik Sohail; Spiegelman Bruce M; Roeder Robert G (Nov 2003). "Coordination of p300-mediated chromatin remodeling and TRAP/mediator function through coactivator PGC-1alpha". Mol. Cell. 12 (5): 1137–49. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00391-5. ISSN 1097-2765. PMID 14636573.
- ^ Kang, Yun Kyoung; Guermah Mohamed; Yuan Chao-Xing; Roeder Robert G (Mar 2002). "The TRAP/Mediator coactivator complex interacts directly with estrogen receptors alpha and beta through the TRAP220 subunit and directly enhances estrogen receptor function in vitro". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (5): 2642–7. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.2642K. doi:10.1073/pnas.261715899. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 122401. PMID 11867769.
- ^ Lau, Joe F; Nusinzon Inna; Burakov Darya; Freedman Leonard P; Horvath Curt M (Jan 2003). "Role of metazoan mediator proteins in interferon-responsive transcription". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (2): 620–8. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.2.620-628.2003. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 151539. PMID 12509459.
- ^ Wang, G; Cantin G T; Stevens J L; Berk A J (Jul 2001). "Characterization of mediator complexes from HeLa cell nuclear extract". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (14): 4604–13. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.14.4604-4613.2001. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 87123. PMID 11416138.
- ^ Ito, M; Yuan C X; Malik S; Gu W; Fondell J D; Yamamura S; Fu Z Y; Zhang X; Qin J; Roeder R G (Mar 1999). "Identity between TRAP and SMCC complexes indicates novel pathways for the function of nuclear receptors and diverse mammalian activators". Mol. Cell. 3 (3): 361–70. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80463-3. ISSN 1097-2765. PMID 10198638.
- ^ Hittelman, A B; Burakov D; Iñiguez-Lluhí J A; Freedman L P; Garabedian M J (Oct 1999). "Differential regulation of glucocorticoid receptor transcriptional activation via AF-1-associated proteins". EMBO J. 18 (19): 5380–8. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.19.5380. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 1171607. PMID 10508170.
- ^ Maeda, Yutaka; Rachez Christophe; Hawel Leo; Byus Craig V; Freedman Leonard P; Sladek Frances M (Jul 2002). "Polyamines modulate the interaction between nuclear receptors and vitamin D receptor-interacting protein 205". Mol. Endocrinol. 16 (7): 1502–10. doi:10.1210/mend.16.7.0883. ISSN 0888-8809. PMID 12089346.
- ^ Malik, Sohail; Wallberg Annika E; Kang Yun Kyoung; Roeder Robert G (Aug 2002). "TRAP/SMCC/mediator-dependent transcriptional activation from DNA and chromatin templates by orphan nuclear receptor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4". Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 (15): 5626–37. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.15.5626-5637.2002. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 133960. PMID 12101254.
Further reading
[edit]- Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, et al. (1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Anal. Biochem. 236 (1): 107–13. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.
- Fondell JD, Ge H, Roeder RG (1996). "Ligand induction of a transcriptionally active thyroid hormone receptor coactivator complex". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (16): 8329–33. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.8329F. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.16.8329. PMC 38670. PMID 8710870.
- Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, et al. (1997). "Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing". Genome Res. 7 (4): 353–8. doi:10.1101/gr.7.4.353. PMC 139146. PMID 9110174.
- Sun X, Zhang Y, Cho H, et al. (1998). "NAT, a human complex containing Srb polypeptides that functions as a negative regulator of activated transcription". Mol. Cell. 2 (2): 213–22. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80131-8. PMID 9734358.
- Gu W, Malik S, Ito M, et al. (1999). "A novel human SRB/MED-containing cofactor complex, SMCC, involved in transcription regulation". Mol. Cell. 3 (1): 97–108. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80178-1. PMID 10024883.
- Ito M, Yuan CX, Malik S, et al. (1999). "Identity between TRAP and SMCC complexes indicates novel pathways for the function of nuclear receptors and diverse mammalian activators". Mol. Cell. 3 (3): 361–70. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80463-3. PMID 10198638.
- Rachez C, Lemon BD, Suldan Z, et al. (1999). "Ligand-dependent transcription activation by nuclear receptors requires the DRIP complex". Nature. 398 (6730): 824–8. Bibcode:1999Natur.398..824R. doi:10.1038/19783. PMID 10235266. S2CID 204992765.
- Näär AM, Beaurang PA, Zhou S, et al. (1999). "Composite co-activator ARC mediates chromatin-directed transcriptional activation". Nature. 398 (6730): 828–32. Bibcode:1999Natur.398..828N. doi:10.1038/19789. PMID 10235267. S2CID 23646963.
- Hittelman AB, Burakov D, Iñiguez-Lluhí JA, et al. (1999). "Differential regulation of glucocorticoid receptor transcriptional activation via AF-1-associated proteins". EMBO J. 18 (19): 5380–8. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.19.5380. PMC 1171607. PMID 10508170.
- Ge K, Guermah M, Yuan CX, et al. (2002). "Transcription coactivator TRAP220 is required for PPAR gamma 2-stimulated adipogenesis". Nature. 417 (6888): 563–7. Bibcode:2002Natur.417..563G. doi:10.1038/417563a. PMID 12037571. S2CID 4432077.
- Malik S, Wallberg AE, Kang YK, Roeder RG (2002). "TRAP/SMCC/mediator-dependent transcriptional activation from DNA and chromatin templates by orphan nuclear receptor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4". Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 (15): 5626–37. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.15.5626-5637.2002. PMC 133960. PMID 12101254.
- Wang Q, Sharma D, Ren Y, Fondell JD (2003). "A coregulatory role for the TRAP-mediator complex in androgen receptor-mediated gene expression". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (45): 42852–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M206061200. PMID 12218053.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Lau JF, Nusinzon I, Burakov D, et al. (2003). "Role of metazoan mediator proteins in interferon-responsive transcription". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (2): 620–8. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.2.620-628.2003. PMC 151539. PMID 12509459.
- Demirci FY, Ramser J, White NJ, et al. (2004). "Refinement of the physical location and the genomic characterization of the CRSP2 (EXLM1) gene on Xp11.4". DNA Seq. 14 (2): 123–7. doi:10.1080/1042517021000056952. PMID 12825353. S2CID 7902215.
- Sato S, Tomomori-Sato C, Banks CA, et al. (2004). "A mammalian homolog of Drosophila melanogaster transcriptional coactivator intersex is a subunit of the mammalian Mediator complex". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (50): 49671–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.C300444200. PMID 14576168.
- Wallberg AE, Yamamura S, Malik S, et al. (2004). "Coordination of p300-mediated chromatin remodeling and TRAP/mediator function through coactivator PGC-1alpha". Mol. Cell. 12 (5): 1137–49. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00391-5. PMID 14636573.
- Tomomori-Sato C, Sato S, Parmely TJ, et al. (2004). "A mammalian mediator subunit that shares properties with Saccharomyces cerevisiae mediator subunit Cse2". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (7): 5846–51. doi:10.1074/jbc.M312523200. PMID 14638676.