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OS/360 and successors
OS/360, officially known as IBM System/360 Operating System, is a discontinued batch processing operating system developed by IBM for their then-new System/360 mainframe computer, announced in 1964; it was influenced by the earlier IBSYS/IBJOB and Input/Output Control System (IOCS) packages for the IBM 7090/7094[citation needed] and even more so by the PR155 Operating System for the IBM 1410/7010 processors.[citation needed] It was one of the earliest operating systems to require the computer hardware to include at least one direct access storage device.
Although OS/360 itself was discontinued, successor operating systems, including the virtual storage MVS and the 64-bit z/OS, are still run as of 2023[update] and maintain application-level compatibility with OS/360.
IBM announced three different levels of OS/360, generated from the same tapes and sharing most of their code. IBM eventually renamed these options and made some significant design changes:
Users often coined nicknames, e.g., "Big OS", "OS/MFT", but none of these names had any official recognition by IBM.
IBM provided OS/360 as a set of libraries on tape that the installation had to restore to DASD in order to perform a system generation. IBM also offered a set of optional source tapes that the installation could use to modify and assemble modules that IBM normally provided as object code. In addition, IBM offered microfiche that had assembly listing of the basic program material and of subsequent service. IBM continued distributing source code until it imposed an Object Code Only (OCO) policy for licensed software.
The other major operating system for System/360 hardware was DOS/360.
OS/360 is in the public domain and can be downloaded freely. As well as being run on actual System/360 hardware, it can be executed on the free Hercules emulator, which runs under most UNIX and Unix-like systems including Linux, Solaris, and macOS, as well as Windows. There are OS/360 turnkey CDs that provide pregenerated OS/360 21.8 systems ready to run under Hercules.
IBM originally intended that System/360 should have only one batch-oriented operating system, OS/360, capable of running on machines as small as 32 KiB. It also intended to supply a separate timesharing operating system, TSS/360, for the System/360 Model 67. IBM failed to meet OS/360's memory usage goal, and it required 44 KiB for even limited production. There are at least two accounts of why IBM eventually decided to produce other, simpler batch-oriented operating systems:
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OS/360 and successors
OS/360, officially known as IBM System/360 Operating System, is a discontinued batch processing operating system developed by IBM for their then-new System/360 mainframe computer, announced in 1964; it was influenced by the earlier IBSYS/IBJOB and Input/Output Control System (IOCS) packages for the IBM 7090/7094[citation needed] and even more so by the PR155 Operating System for the IBM 1410/7010 processors.[citation needed] It was one of the earliest operating systems to require the computer hardware to include at least one direct access storage device.
Although OS/360 itself was discontinued, successor operating systems, including the virtual storage MVS and the 64-bit z/OS, are still run as of 2023[update] and maintain application-level compatibility with OS/360.
IBM announced three different levels of OS/360, generated from the same tapes and sharing most of their code. IBM eventually renamed these options and made some significant design changes:
Users often coined nicknames, e.g., "Big OS", "OS/MFT", but none of these names had any official recognition by IBM.
IBM provided OS/360 as a set of libraries on tape that the installation had to restore to DASD in order to perform a system generation. IBM also offered a set of optional source tapes that the installation could use to modify and assemble modules that IBM normally provided as object code. In addition, IBM offered microfiche that had assembly listing of the basic program material and of subsequent service. IBM continued distributing source code until it imposed an Object Code Only (OCO) policy for licensed software.
The other major operating system for System/360 hardware was DOS/360.
OS/360 is in the public domain and can be downloaded freely. As well as being run on actual System/360 hardware, it can be executed on the free Hercules emulator, which runs under most UNIX and Unix-like systems including Linux, Solaris, and macOS, as well as Windows. There are OS/360 turnkey CDs that provide pregenerated OS/360 21.8 systems ready to run under Hercules.
IBM originally intended that System/360 should have only one batch-oriented operating system, OS/360, capable of running on machines as small as 32 KiB. It also intended to supply a separate timesharing operating system, TSS/360, for the System/360 Model 67. IBM failed to meet OS/360's memory usage goal, and it required 44 KiB for even limited production. There are at least two accounts of why IBM eventually decided to produce other, simpler batch-oriented operating systems:
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