Ma Teng (pronunciation^ⓘ) (died June or July 212), courtesy name Shoucheng, was a Chinese military general and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. He controlled Liang Province (涼州; covering parts of present-day Shaanxi and Gansu) with another warlord, Han Sui. Ma Teng and Han Sui were involved in efforts to gain autonomy from the Han central government.

Ma Teng was born in Maoling County (茂陵縣), Fufeng Commandery (扶風郡) (present-day Xingping, Shaanxi). He was a descendant of Ma Yuan. His father, Ma Ping (馬平), whose courtesy name was Zishuo (子碩), was a minor official in Tianshui Commandery during the reign of Emperor Huan of Han. Due to unknown reasons, he was dismissed from his post, and went to live among the Qiang people. Ma Ping's family was poor and without connections. Therefore, he married a Qiang woman, who gave birth to Ma Teng.

Ma Teng grew up in extreme poverty and made a living selling firewood to the city markets that he collected in the mountains. He was extremely tall, more than eight chi tall (approximately 1.84 metres), his appearance large and imposing, his face and nose majestic. He was also known to be virtuous therefore many people admired him.

In 184, towards the end of Emperor Ling's reign, the Qiang people in Liang Province rose up against the local government under Beigong Yu (北宫玉) and Liwen Hou (李文侯). They were joined by members of the local gentry Han Sui and Bian Zhang. The official Han governor of Liang Province, Geng Bi (耿鄙), gathered forces to put down the rebellion. He recruited among the locals, people known to be courageous and strong wishing to suppress the rebels. Ma Teng volunteered as a foot soldier.

He impressed the provincial government and local officials; therefore, he was promoted to Assistant Officer in the army, whose role was to manage the troops. His skills in battle against the rebels were further recognised and he was appointed as Major (軍司馬). For his merits, he was reassigned to Lieutenant-General (偏將軍) and General Who Subdues the West (征西將軍) stationed in the Shaanxi region.

However, when Geng Bi was killed in battle by the rebel army, Ma Teng switched sides and joined Han Sui. The rebellion was eventually suppressed by the Han general Huangfu Song but Ma Teng escaped along with the rebels. In the end, the central government granted military titles to some of the rebel leaders in order to appease them.

During the Chuping era (初平; 190–193) of the reign of Emperor Xian of Han, he was appointed as General Who Subdues the East (征東將軍). He remarked that the western regions were short of food and wrote a memorial to the court, asking for further provisions. He also moved his troops eastwards. However, the local General Wang Cheng and his subordinates feared he would harm them. Therefore, they attacked his camp. Ma Teng was surprised and not ready for the sudden betrayal; he was defeated and fled westward.

When Li Jue and Guo Si seized power over Chang'an after Dong Zhuo's assassination in May 192, Ma Teng and Han Sui at first pledged allegiance to them, and were appointed as General who Attacks the West (征西将軍) and General who Guards the West (鎮西将軍) respectively. However, the relationship between the two sides quickly soured, and Ma Teng and Han Sui led their armies in an attempt to seize Chang'an. They allied themselves with the warlord Liu Yan, but suffered defeats from the hands of Li Jue's forces led by Guo Si, Fan Chou and Li Li. Not only was the loss of 10,000 soldiers a heavy blow to the morale of the allied forces, they also faced a supply shortage at the time, so the eloquent Han Sui asked Fan Chou for a private talk, during which Han Sui successfully persuaded Fan Chou to abort the pursuit because they shared the same hometown. The allied forces then retreated back to Liang Province safely.