Methoxamine

Methoxamine, sold under the brand names Vasoxine, Vasoxyl, and Vasylox among others, is a sympathomimetic medication used as an antihypotensive agent. It has mostly or entirely been discontinued.

The drug is an α₁-adrenergic receptor agonist.^{[additional citation(s) needed]}

The long duration of action of methoxamine has been said to have rendered it obsolete in modern clinical practice.

Methoxamine is an α₁-adrenergic receptor agonist. It is described as a long-acting α₁-adrenergic receptor agonist and this is contrasted with phenylephrine which is said to be short-acting. Phenylephrine is 5 to 10 times more potent than methoxamine and has a 3-fold higher maximal effect.

Methoxamine, also known as 2,5-dimethoxy-β-hydroxy-α-methylphenethylamine or as 2,5-dimethoxy-β-hydroxyamphetamine, is a substituted phenethylamine and amphetamine derivative.

It is somewhat similar in chemical structure to those of desglymidodrine (3,6-dimethoxy-β-hydroxyphenethylamine), dimetofrine (3,5-dimethoxy-4,β-dihydroxy-N-methylphenethylamine), 2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (2,5-DMA), and butaxamine ((1S,2S)-3,6-dimethoxy-β-hydroxy-N-tert-butylamphetamine).

Methoxamine was synthesized by 1944. It was marketed in the United States by 1949.

Methoxamine is the generic name of the drug and its INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name and BANTooltip British Approved Name, while méthoxamine is its DCFTooltip Dénomination Commune Française and methoxamina is its DCITTooltip Denominazione Comune Italiana. In the case of the hydrochloride salt, its generic name is methoxamine hydrochloride and this is its USANTooltip United States Adopted Name, BANMTooltip British Approved Name, and JANTooltip Japanese Accepted Name. A synonym of methoxamine is methoxamedrine. The drug has been sold under brand names including Idasal, Mexan, Pressomin, Vasosterol, Vasoxine, Vasoxyl, and Vasylox.