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Midrash Tehillim
Midrash Tehillim (Hebrew: מדרש תהלים), also known as Midrash Psalms or Midrash Shocher Tov, is an aggadic midrash to the Psalms.
Midrash Tehillim can be divided into two parts: the first covering Psalms 1–118, the second covering 119–150. The first (and earlier) part has much material dating back to the Talmudic period, although its final composition took place between the 7th and 9th centuries AD. The second part appears to have been compiled in 13th century.
It has been known since the 11th century, when it was quoted by Nathan of Rome, by R. Isaac ben Judah ibn Ghayyat, and by Rashi, who quoted it in his commentary on I Samuel 17:49, and on many other passages.
The midrash has also been referred to as:
The name of the editor and the date of the redaction of the true midrash (Psalms 1–118) cannot now be determined. The assumption that Rabbi Yohanan or Rav Simon, the son of R. Judah ha-Nasi, edited it cannot be substantiated. On the contrary, evidence shows that the midrash is not the work of a single editor. There are many passages containing the same thought. Substantially the same aggadot appear in different forms in different passages.
Today, it is believed that the first part of Midrash Tehillim, covering Psalms 1–118, dates from the 7th to 9th centuries AD. The second, covering 119–150, was compiled in the 13th century.
The collection contains older material predating its compilation. When a midrash to the Psalms was undertaken together with the other midrashim, homilies and comments on single verses were collected from the most diverse sources, and were arranged together with the earlier aggadic material on the Psalms, following the sequence of the Psalms themselves. In the course of time this collection was supplemented and enlarged by the additions of various collections and editors, until the Midrash Tehillim finally took its present form.
Leopold Zunz assigned its definitive completion to the last centuries of the period of the Geonim, without attempting to determine an exact date. But Zunz's assumption, that the midrash was compiled in Italy, cannot be accepted. The work was edited in Palestine, as appears from the language, style, and manner of aggadic interpretations. Nearly all the amoraim mentioned in it are Palestinian rabbis, and the few Babylonian amoraim referred to (e.g., R. Ḥida) are mentioned also in Yerushalmi.
Midrash Tehillim
Midrash Tehillim (Hebrew: מדרש תהלים), also known as Midrash Psalms or Midrash Shocher Tov, is an aggadic midrash to the Psalms.
Midrash Tehillim can be divided into two parts: the first covering Psalms 1–118, the second covering 119–150. The first (and earlier) part has much material dating back to the Talmudic period, although its final composition took place between the 7th and 9th centuries AD. The second part appears to have been compiled in 13th century.
It has been known since the 11th century, when it was quoted by Nathan of Rome, by R. Isaac ben Judah ibn Ghayyat, and by Rashi, who quoted it in his commentary on I Samuel 17:49, and on many other passages.
The midrash has also been referred to as:
The name of the editor and the date of the redaction of the true midrash (Psalms 1–118) cannot now be determined. The assumption that Rabbi Yohanan or Rav Simon, the son of R. Judah ha-Nasi, edited it cannot be substantiated. On the contrary, evidence shows that the midrash is not the work of a single editor. There are many passages containing the same thought. Substantially the same aggadot appear in different forms in different passages.
Today, it is believed that the first part of Midrash Tehillim, covering Psalms 1–118, dates from the 7th to 9th centuries AD. The second, covering 119–150, was compiled in the 13th century.
The collection contains older material predating its compilation. When a midrash to the Psalms was undertaken together with the other midrashim, homilies and comments on single verses were collected from the most diverse sources, and were arranged together with the earlier aggadic material on the Psalms, following the sequence of the Psalms themselves. In the course of time this collection was supplemented and enlarged by the additions of various collections and editors, until the Midrash Tehillim finally took its present form.
Leopold Zunz assigned its definitive completion to the last centuries of the period of the Geonim, without attempting to determine an exact date. But Zunz's assumption, that the midrash was compiled in Italy, cannot be accepted. The work was edited in Palestine, as appears from the language, style, and manner of aggadic interpretations. Nearly all the amoraim mentioned in it are Palestinian rabbis, and the few Babylonian amoraim referred to (e.g., R. Ḥida) are mentioned also in Yerushalmi.
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