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Min Aung Hlaing
Min Aung Hlaing (born 3 July 1956) is a Burmese military officer who has ruled Myanmar under various titles since seizing power in 2021, and has led the Tatmadaw (armed forces) as Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services since 2011. He first served as Chairman of the State Administration Council and as well as the 12th prime minister from 2021 to 2025, and then as the member of the NDSC exercising presidential duties since 2024 and as Chairman of the State Security and Peace Commission since 2025.
Born in Minbu, Magway Region, Burma, Min Aung Hlaing studied law at the Rangoon Arts and Science University before joining the military. Rising through its ranks, he became a senior general (five-star general) by March 2013. During the period of civilian rule from 2011 to 2021, Min Aung Hlaing worked to ensure the military's continued role in politics and forestalled the peace process with ethnic armed groups. A United Nations fact-finding mission found he orchestrated the Rohingya genocide. He maintained an adversarial relationship with democratically elected State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi, though she defended him against genocide charges.
Min Aung Hlaing baselessly claimed widespread voting irregularities and electoral fraud in the 2020 Myanmar general election, in which Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy won a landslide re-election. He then seized power from her in the 2021 coup. He had been expected to run for President of Myanmar had the military proxy party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party, won enough seats in parliament to elect him, and would have been required to retire as Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services due to a statutory age limit. With the outbreak of mass protests against his rule, Min Aung Hlaing ordered a clampdown and suppression of demonstrations, sparking an ongoing civil war.
Min Aung Hlaing's forces have employed scorched earth tactics in the civil war, including airstrikes on civilians. He has ordered the execution of prominent pro-democracy activists, the first use of the death penalty in decades. In February 2024, he activated Myanmar's conscription law to draft 60,000 young people into the Tatmadaw. In foreign policy, he has resisted influence from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and relied on greater cooperation with Russia, China, and India. In response to his human rights abuses and corruption, Min Aung Hlaing and his government have been subjected to an extensive series of international sanctions, returning Myanmar to its former status as a pariah state. The Economist Intelligence Unit's 2022 Democracy Index rated Myanmar under Min Aung Hlaing as the second-most authoritarian regime in the world, with only Afghanistan rated less democratic.
Min Aung Hlaing was born on 3 July 1956 in Minbu, Magway Region, Burma (now Myanmar), to Khin Hlaing and Hla Mu, as the fourth of their five children. His parents were teachers from Dawei, in Tanintharyi Region. His family moved to Mandalay as duty when he was 5 years old. His father, Khin Hlaing, was an artist.
Min Aung Hlaing passed his matriculation exam in 1972 at Basic Education High School No. 1 Latha (BEHS 1 Latha) of Rangoon (now Yangon). He attended and studied law at the Rangoon Arts and Science University from 1973 to 1974. On his third attempt, he was admitted to the Defence Services Academy in 1974 as part of the 19th Intake, and he graduated in 1977. According to his classmates, Min Aung Hlaing was taciturn, and an unremarkable cadet. He was reportedly shunned by classmates because of his reserved personality.
Despite his quiet nature, Min Aung Hlaing’s time at the Defence Services Academy marked the beginning of his military career, which would later define his life. Though not particularly outgoing, he was known for his disciplined approach to training. Over time, he earned a reputation for being organized and focused on his studies and military preparation, often staying away from social interactions but excelling in his academic and physical training. His classmates observed him as reserved, and he did not seek to form close bonds during his time at the academy. However, this period was key in shaping his future. It is said that Min Aung Hlaing’s lack of social engagement allowed him to concentrate on his studies and rise through the ranks, gradually gaining a reputation for his serious and committed attitude toward military life.
After completing his training and being commissioned as a lieutenant, he started his service in Myanmar's military, where his ability to focus on his responsibilities and his calm demeanor gradually contributed to his career progression. His time in the Defence Services Academy, though not marked by personal connections, provided him with a solid foundation in military discipline and strategy, which would shape his leadership style in the years that followed.
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Min Aung Hlaing
Min Aung Hlaing (born 3 July 1956) is a Burmese military officer who has ruled Myanmar under various titles since seizing power in 2021, and has led the Tatmadaw (armed forces) as Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services since 2011. He first served as Chairman of the State Administration Council and as well as the 12th prime minister from 2021 to 2025, and then as the member of the NDSC exercising presidential duties since 2024 and as Chairman of the State Security and Peace Commission since 2025.
Born in Minbu, Magway Region, Burma, Min Aung Hlaing studied law at the Rangoon Arts and Science University before joining the military. Rising through its ranks, he became a senior general (five-star general) by March 2013. During the period of civilian rule from 2011 to 2021, Min Aung Hlaing worked to ensure the military's continued role in politics and forestalled the peace process with ethnic armed groups. A United Nations fact-finding mission found he orchestrated the Rohingya genocide. He maintained an adversarial relationship with democratically elected State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi, though she defended him against genocide charges.
Min Aung Hlaing baselessly claimed widespread voting irregularities and electoral fraud in the 2020 Myanmar general election, in which Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy won a landslide re-election. He then seized power from her in the 2021 coup. He had been expected to run for President of Myanmar had the military proxy party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party, won enough seats in parliament to elect him, and would have been required to retire as Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services due to a statutory age limit. With the outbreak of mass protests against his rule, Min Aung Hlaing ordered a clampdown and suppression of demonstrations, sparking an ongoing civil war.
Min Aung Hlaing's forces have employed scorched earth tactics in the civil war, including airstrikes on civilians. He has ordered the execution of prominent pro-democracy activists, the first use of the death penalty in decades. In February 2024, he activated Myanmar's conscription law to draft 60,000 young people into the Tatmadaw. In foreign policy, he has resisted influence from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and relied on greater cooperation with Russia, China, and India. In response to his human rights abuses and corruption, Min Aung Hlaing and his government have been subjected to an extensive series of international sanctions, returning Myanmar to its former status as a pariah state. The Economist Intelligence Unit's 2022 Democracy Index rated Myanmar under Min Aung Hlaing as the second-most authoritarian regime in the world, with only Afghanistan rated less democratic.
Min Aung Hlaing was born on 3 July 1956 in Minbu, Magway Region, Burma (now Myanmar), to Khin Hlaing and Hla Mu, as the fourth of their five children. His parents were teachers from Dawei, in Tanintharyi Region. His family moved to Mandalay as duty when he was 5 years old. His father, Khin Hlaing, was an artist.
Min Aung Hlaing passed his matriculation exam in 1972 at Basic Education High School No. 1 Latha (BEHS 1 Latha) of Rangoon (now Yangon). He attended and studied law at the Rangoon Arts and Science University from 1973 to 1974. On his third attempt, he was admitted to the Defence Services Academy in 1974 as part of the 19th Intake, and he graduated in 1977. According to his classmates, Min Aung Hlaing was taciturn, and an unremarkable cadet. He was reportedly shunned by classmates because of his reserved personality.
Despite his quiet nature, Min Aung Hlaing’s time at the Defence Services Academy marked the beginning of his military career, which would later define his life. Though not particularly outgoing, he was known for his disciplined approach to training. Over time, he earned a reputation for being organized and focused on his studies and military preparation, often staying away from social interactions but excelling in his academic and physical training. His classmates observed him as reserved, and he did not seek to form close bonds during his time at the academy. However, this period was key in shaping his future. It is said that Min Aung Hlaing’s lack of social engagement allowed him to concentrate on his studies and rise through the ranks, gradually gaining a reputation for his serious and committed attitude toward military life.
After completing his training and being commissioned as a lieutenant, he started his service in Myanmar's military, where his ability to focus on his responsibilities and his calm demeanor gradually contributed to his career progression. His time in the Defence Services Academy, though not marked by personal connections, provided him with a solid foundation in military discipline and strategy, which would shape his leadership style in the years that followed.