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Mingrui
Mingrui (Manchu: ᠮᡳᠩᡧᡠᡳ, Möllendorff: Mingšui; Chinese: 明瑞; pinyin: Míngruì; Burmese: မင်းယွီ, Burmese pronunciation: [mɪ́ɰ̃ jwì]; 1730 – March 1768), courtesy name Yunting (筠亭), was a Qing dynasty general. He was a nephew of Empress Xiaoxianchun and served as the commander of Qing troops in campaigns in Xinjiang and Burma.
Mingrui belonged to the Fuca clan of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner. His father was Fuwen, Duke Cheng'en (承恩公 傅文), his grandfather was Lirongbao (李榮保; 1674–1723), a high official in Kangxi's reign, one of his uncles was Fuheng, and his aunt was Empress Xiaoxianchun, thus the Qianlong Emperor was his uncle.
n 1756, Mingrui was appointed by Qianlong Emperor as a commanding officer (領隊大臣) with the rank of vice commander-in-chief (副都统) to lead the campaign against Amursana. Due to his contributions in quelling the rebellion, he was promoted to vice minister of the Ministry of Revenue (户部) and subsequently granted the title of military advisor (參贊大臣). Additionally, the honorific Duke Yiyong of the First Class ("毅勇", lit. "resolute and brave") was added to his ducal title.
In 1759, Mingrui led the campaign against Khoja Kalan and was rewarded with the privilege of wearing double-eyed peacock feathers for his merits. Upon his triumphant return, the Qianlong Emperor had his portrait displayed in the Ziguang Hall (紫光阁). Shortly afterward, Mingrui was promoted to the position of commander-in-chief (户部) of the Han Bordered White Banner.
In 1762, Mingrui was appointed as the first Military Governor of Ili and granted the additional hereditary title of Qiduwei (骑都尉; a higher hereditary rank). Undeniably, within less than a decade, Mingrui rose rapidly through the ranks, repeatedly assuming key positions and receiving rewards and commendations from the Qianlong Emperor for his military achievements—his ascent was remarkably swift.
In 1765, the Muslim Uyghurs in Uqturpan rebelled. The deputy commander-in-chief stationed in Uqturpan, Sucheng, committed suicide, and the rebels elected the Uyghur leader and minor beg (chieftain) Laiheimutula as their commander to resist the Qing forces. Mingrui dispatched the deputy commander-in-chief Guanyinbao to lead the suppression campaign while he himself commanded from the rear. Laiheimutula sent out 2,000 troops to engage the Qing army, but Mingrui and Guanyinbao encircled and ultimately defeated them.
Mingrui was the first General of Ili from October 1762 to March 1767 and then viceroy of Yunnan and Guizhou from April 1767 to March 1768.
In 1765, the border conflict broke out between Konbaung dynasty of Myanmar and China, Governor-General Liu Zao suffered repeated defeats in battle and committed suicide. Grand Secretary Yang Yingju was appointed as his replacement, but after a long and fruitless campaign, he was ordered to take his own life.
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Mingrui
Mingrui (Manchu: ᠮᡳᠩᡧᡠᡳ, Möllendorff: Mingšui; Chinese: 明瑞; pinyin: Míngruì; Burmese: မင်းယွီ, Burmese pronunciation: [mɪ́ɰ̃ jwì]; 1730 – March 1768), courtesy name Yunting (筠亭), was a Qing dynasty general. He was a nephew of Empress Xiaoxianchun and served as the commander of Qing troops in campaigns in Xinjiang and Burma.
Mingrui belonged to the Fuca clan of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner. His father was Fuwen, Duke Cheng'en (承恩公 傅文), his grandfather was Lirongbao (李榮保; 1674–1723), a high official in Kangxi's reign, one of his uncles was Fuheng, and his aunt was Empress Xiaoxianchun, thus the Qianlong Emperor was his uncle.
n 1756, Mingrui was appointed by Qianlong Emperor as a commanding officer (領隊大臣) with the rank of vice commander-in-chief (副都统) to lead the campaign against Amursana. Due to his contributions in quelling the rebellion, he was promoted to vice minister of the Ministry of Revenue (户部) and subsequently granted the title of military advisor (參贊大臣). Additionally, the honorific Duke Yiyong of the First Class ("毅勇", lit. "resolute and brave") was added to his ducal title.
In 1759, Mingrui led the campaign against Khoja Kalan and was rewarded with the privilege of wearing double-eyed peacock feathers for his merits. Upon his triumphant return, the Qianlong Emperor had his portrait displayed in the Ziguang Hall (紫光阁). Shortly afterward, Mingrui was promoted to the position of commander-in-chief (户部) of the Han Bordered White Banner.
In 1762, Mingrui was appointed as the first Military Governor of Ili and granted the additional hereditary title of Qiduwei (骑都尉; a higher hereditary rank). Undeniably, within less than a decade, Mingrui rose rapidly through the ranks, repeatedly assuming key positions and receiving rewards and commendations from the Qianlong Emperor for his military achievements—his ascent was remarkably swift.
In 1765, the Muslim Uyghurs in Uqturpan rebelled. The deputy commander-in-chief stationed in Uqturpan, Sucheng, committed suicide, and the rebels elected the Uyghur leader and minor beg (chieftain) Laiheimutula as their commander to resist the Qing forces. Mingrui dispatched the deputy commander-in-chief Guanyinbao to lead the suppression campaign while he himself commanded from the rear. Laiheimutula sent out 2,000 troops to engage the Qing army, but Mingrui and Guanyinbao encircled and ultimately defeated them.
Mingrui was the first General of Ili from October 1762 to March 1767 and then viceroy of Yunnan and Guizhou from April 1767 to March 1768.
In 1765, the border conflict broke out between Konbaung dynasty of Myanmar and China, Governor-General Liu Zao suffered repeated defeats in battle and committed suicide. Grand Secretary Yang Yingju was appointed as his replacement, but after a long and fruitless campaign, he was ordered to take his own life.