Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf

Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf (Persian: محمدباقر قالیباف, born 23 August 1961) is an Iranian conservative politician, former military officer, and current Speaker of the Parliament of Iran since 2020. He held office as the Mayor of Tehran from 2005 to 2017. Ghalibaf was formerly Iran's Chief of police from 2000 to 2005 and commander of the Aerospace Force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps from 1997 to 2000.

He holds a Ph.D. in political geography from Tarbiat Modares University. He is also a pilot, certified to fly certain Airbus aircraft. He began his military career during the Iran–Iraq War in 1980. He became chief commander of the Imam Reza Brigade in 1982 and was chief commander of Nasr Division from 1983 to 1984. After the war, he became Managing-Director of Khatam al-Anbia, an engineering firm controlled by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and was appointed commander of the IRGC Air Force in 1996 by Ali Khamenei. Four years later, he became chief of the Iranian Police Forces after the previous commander was dismissed following the 1999 student protests. He was also appointed Representative of President Mohammad Khatami during a campaign to combat smuggling in 2002. In September 2005, he was elected as Tehran's mayor by the City Council of Tehran. He is also a professor at the University of Tehran.

Ghalibaf is often regarded a perennial candidate in the presidential elections. He was a candidate in the 2013 presidential election but lost to Hassan Rouhani, in second place with 17% (6,077,292) of the votes. He was also a candidate in the 2005 presidential election, coming in fourth with 14% of the vote. He announced his run for a third time in the 2017 election. However, he withdrew on 15 May 2017 in favor of Ebrahim Raisi's candidacy. He was a candidate in the 2024 presidential election, coming in third with 14% of the vote.

In the 2020 Iranian legislative election, the Principlists regained the majority in the legislature, and Ghalibaf was elected as the new Speaker of Iran Parliament. He successfully escaped an assassination attempt on his life in 2025.

Ghalibaf was born on 23 August 1961 in Torqabeh, near Mashhad, in the province of Razavi Khorasan, to a Kurdish father Hossein Ghalibaf and a Persian mother Kheirolnessa Boujmehrani.

Ghalibaf married Zahra Sadat Moshir in 1982 when he was twenty two years old. Moshir (born 1968) joined her husband as an adviser and head of women's affairs in the Municipality of Tehran.

Ghalibaf obtained bachelor in human geography from Tehran University, master in human geography from Islamic Azad University and PhD in political geography from Tarbiat Modares University.

At the age of 19, he was one of the commanders of the defense forces during the Iran–Iraq War. Shortly afterwards he was named commander of the Rasulollah division. By the time he was twenty-two, he was already commander of the Nasr Troops. After the war he was selected as Deputy Commander of the Resistance Force and Basij Troops under General Afshar. Ghalibaf received the degree of Major General in 1996 after he had completed a master's degree in geopolitics. In 1998, when Mohsen Rezaee retired and Yahya Rahim Safavi took over as IRGC's new commander-in-chief, he was named Commander of Aerospace Force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.