Islamic clothing is clothing that is interpreted as being in accordance with the teachings of Islam. Muslims wear a wide variety of clothing, which is influenced not only by religious considerations, but also by practical, cultural, social, and political factors. In modern times, some Muslims have adopted clothing based on Western traditions, while others wear modern forms of traditional Muslim dress, which over the centuries has typically included long, flowing garments. Besides its practical advantages in the climate of the Middle East, loose-fitting clothing is also generally regarded as conforming to Islamic teachings, which stipulate that body areas which are sexual in nature must be hidden from public view. Traditional dress for Muslim men has typically covered at least the head and the area between the waist and the knees, while women's islamic dress is to conceal the hair and the body from the ankles to the neck. Some Muslim women also cover their face. However, other Muslims believe that the Quran strictly mandate that women need to wear a hijab or a burqa.

Traditional dress is influenced by two sources, the Quran and hadith. The Quran provides guiding principles believed to have come from God, while the body of hadith describes a human role model attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The branch of fashion industry influenced by Islamic principles is known as Islamic fashion.

Islamic precepts related to modesty (haya) are at the base of Islamic clothing. Adherents of Islam believe that it is the religious duty of adult Muslim men and women to dress modestly, as an obligatory ruling agreed upon by community consensus.^{[self-published source?]}

According to the traditional view in Sunni Islam, men must cover from their belly buttons to their knees, though they differ on whether this includes covering the navel and knees or only what is between them. Women have traditionally been encouraged to cover most of their body except for their hands and faces.

An Arabic word strongly associated with Islamic clothing and haya is khimar (خمار), which translates into English as "veil". The veil re-emerged as a topic of conversation in the 1990s when there was concern regarding potential western infiltration of Muslim practices in Islamic countries.

Modesty is usually a theme of islamic clothing. Modesty is known as hijab in Arabic. Veiling is commonly seen as a religious practice and is supported by passages in the Quran that detail the importance of covering the head and body in order to be modest.

Veiling is a custom that is traditionally practiced to sustain piety. Veiling may act as a deterrent from others’ influencing Muslims in a way that makes them compromise their faith and religious observance. It also may support Muslims’ adherence to their faith via being a physical symbol of religiosity. Some women choose to veil in order to protect themselves from unwanted male attention. In addition, wearing hijab is also a chosen practice amongst many American Muslim women.

Modesty is not unilateral. Some believe that a robe with long sleeves, the jilbab ought to be worn by men as well as women. In addition, some believe men should cover up to their wrists and neck whether or not in Western dress, and that not doing so is immodest. In addition, the moral reputation of men and women can be negatively impacted by excessive displays of one's body.