Northeastern Pennsylvania (NEPA or Nepa; sometimes pronounced /ˈniːpɑː/ NEE-pah) is a region of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania that includes the Pocono Mountains, and the industrial cities of Scranton (the area's largest city), Wilkes-Barre, Pittston, Hazleton, Nanticoke, and Carbondale. A portion of this region is located in the New York City metropolitan area. Recently, Pennsylvania tourism boards have described Northeastern Pennsylvania as Upstate Pennsylvania.

Unlike most other parts of the Rust Belt, some of the communities are experiencing a modest population increase, and others, including Monroe and Pike counties, rank among the state's fastest growing counties.

Northeastern Pennsylvania borders the Pennsylvania Wilds to the west, the New York State Southern Tier and Hudson Valley regions to the north and northeast, Sussex and Warren counties in New Jersey to the east, and the Lehigh Valley to the south.

References to Northeastern Pennsylvania frequently include some combination of Bradford County, Carbon County, Columbia County, Lackawanna County, Luzerne County, Monroe County, Montour County, Northumberland County, Pike County, Schuylkill County, Sullivan County, Susquehanna County, Wayne County, and Wyoming County.

Green: the largest county by area; Yellow: the most populous county

Northeastern Pennsylvania is home to PNC Field in Moosic, which hosts the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders, the AAA affiliate to Major League Baseball's New York Yankees. Mohegan Sun Arena at Casey Plaza in Wilkes-Barre hosts the American Hockey League's Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins; it previously hosted the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Pioneers of arena football.

Pocono Raceway in Long Pond holds one cup series NASCAR race annually.

Mohegan Pennsylvania in Plains was Pennsylvania's first casino to offer slots. Mount Airy Casino Resort in Mount Pocono also offers gambling.