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Osbaldwick
Osbaldwick (/ˈɒzbəldwɪk/ OZ-bəld-wick) is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England. Situated 2 miles (3.2 km) east of York, Osbaldwick is nowadays generally considered one of York's suburbs, though parts of it retain its historic character.
In prehistory, the area around Osbaldwick comprised sandy heaths, forests and peaty carrs. It is hypothesised that Hull Road, south of the village, may already have been a routeway at this point, in which case settlement of the environs may go back millenia. A 3rd century Roman coin has been found a few hundred metres east of the village. Osbaldwick (and its name) were certainly in existence by 11th century: it is mentioned three times in the Domesday Book as Osboldewic. The name derives from Osbald (an Old English forename) and wic (an Old English word meaning "dwelling-place"). Some sources claim that the Osbald in question is Osbald of Northumbria.
When the Domesday Book was written, the manor of Osbaldwick was assessed with the city of York, and its lands were held by the Church of St Peter, York. The office Prebend of Osbaldwick was created, likely by Thomas of Bayeux, the first Norman archbishop of York. The prebend was de facto lord of the manor. The earliest-known mention of an incumbent of this office is an M. Brand in 1205. Osbaldwick was probably within the royal Forest of Galtres at this time.
By medieval times, Osbaldwick Lane and Osbaldwick Village existed as routeways. These form the rectangle-like arrangment of streets about which Osbaldwick is still set. The western half of this rectangle was a moated site known as Hall Garth up to the 19th century, and Moat Field thereafter. It is theorised that there once stood a moated demesne manor house there, (perhaps even a pre-Norman one). In the 1960s, the moat was filled in and houses were built atop the site.
Throughout the medieval period, land (and even the church) in Osbaldwick was appropriated to the prebend of Strensall. The first reference to enclosure in Osbaldwick dates from 1648, when petition was made for the village's common arable land to be divided. Two years later, this was realised in fields named Garend Field and Townend Field. Further place-names from around this time include Haverclose, Roughill Field Closes, The Slacke and Butt Leyes. Further enclosures happened in 1769. The fields north of the village still maintain their long, thin medieval shapes. They are primarily pastoral, and probably have been for hundreds of years.
In 1852, the Church was allowed to sell off land, and Osbaldwick Manor was sold to Thomas Samuel Watkinson, later the Lord Mayor of York.
Three bombs fell on the village during the Second World War, each from a single plane on the night of 7 August 1940. Two landed on fields and caused no damage. The third landed on Osbaldwick Lane, killing a woman called Jean Abbot and injuring two others. During the conflict a bomb shelter was erected at the Derwent County School.
The centre of the village was declared a conservation area in 1978.
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Osbaldwick
Osbaldwick (/ˈɒzbəldwɪk/ OZ-bəld-wick) is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of the City of York in North Yorkshire, England. Situated 2 miles (3.2 km) east of York, Osbaldwick is nowadays generally considered one of York's suburbs, though parts of it retain its historic character.
In prehistory, the area around Osbaldwick comprised sandy heaths, forests and peaty carrs. It is hypothesised that Hull Road, south of the village, may already have been a routeway at this point, in which case settlement of the environs may go back millenia. A 3rd century Roman coin has been found a few hundred metres east of the village. Osbaldwick (and its name) were certainly in existence by 11th century: it is mentioned three times in the Domesday Book as Osboldewic. The name derives from Osbald (an Old English forename) and wic (an Old English word meaning "dwelling-place"). Some sources claim that the Osbald in question is Osbald of Northumbria.
When the Domesday Book was written, the manor of Osbaldwick was assessed with the city of York, and its lands were held by the Church of St Peter, York. The office Prebend of Osbaldwick was created, likely by Thomas of Bayeux, the first Norman archbishop of York. The prebend was de facto lord of the manor. The earliest-known mention of an incumbent of this office is an M. Brand in 1205. Osbaldwick was probably within the royal Forest of Galtres at this time.
By medieval times, Osbaldwick Lane and Osbaldwick Village existed as routeways. These form the rectangle-like arrangment of streets about which Osbaldwick is still set. The western half of this rectangle was a moated site known as Hall Garth up to the 19th century, and Moat Field thereafter. It is theorised that there once stood a moated demesne manor house there, (perhaps even a pre-Norman one). In the 1960s, the moat was filled in and houses were built atop the site.
Throughout the medieval period, land (and even the church) in Osbaldwick was appropriated to the prebend of Strensall. The first reference to enclosure in Osbaldwick dates from 1648, when petition was made for the village's common arable land to be divided. Two years later, this was realised in fields named Garend Field and Townend Field. Further place-names from around this time include Haverclose, Roughill Field Closes, The Slacke and Butt Leyes. Further enclosures happened in 1769. The fields north of the village still maintain their long, thin medieval shapes. They are primarily pastoral, and probably have been for hundreds of years.
In 1852, the Church was allowed to sell off land, and Osbaldwick Manor was sold to Thomas Samuel Watkinson, later the Lord Mayor of York.
Three bombs fell on the village during the Second World War, each from a single plane on the night of 7 August 1940. Two landed on fields and caused no damage. The third landed on Osbaldwick Lane, killing a woman called Jean Abbot and injuring two others. During the conflict a bomb shelter was erected at the Derwent County School.
The centre of the village was declared a conservation area in 1978.
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