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Oslo Sporveier
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Oslo Sporveier
AS Oslo Sporveier is a defunct municipal owned company responsible for public transport in Oslo, Norway. It was created in 1924 to take over the city's two private tram companies. In 1927 its started with bus transport, including from 1940 to 1968 trolleybuses. Since 1966 rapid transit and from 1985 water buses have also been operated by the company. It was split into two separate companies in 2006; Kollektivtransportproduksjon took over the operation while Oslo Public Transport Administration (who retained the Oslo Sporveier brand) was responsible for buying the services, fare regulation and marketing. The latter merged into Ruter in 2008, when the Oslo Sporveier brand was discontinued.
In 1875, Kristiania Sporveisselskab (KSS) started the first horsecar services in Oslo—at the time called Kristiania. It was followed by Kristiania Elektriske Sporvei (KES) who established electric tram services in 1894; by 1900 KSS had also converted its routes to electric traction. In 1899 the city council decided to also venture into the tram industry, and established Kristiania Kommunale Sporveie (KKS, translates Kristiania Municipal Tramway). This company was forced to rent some tracks in the city center from the other companies, and was also relegated to build less profitable lines; lack of profits made the city council sell KKS to KSS in 1905.
The city had granted a concession to the two private street companies until 1924, after which the city could expropriate the companies. Both companies where well run and highly profitable, and on 1 May 1924 KSS and KES were merged and taken over by the city council, giving the new company the name A/S Kristiania Sporveier. On 1 January 1925 the city changed its name to Oslo, with the company's name also changing. The suburban tramways operated by Holmenkolbanen and Ekebergbanen were not taken over, as was the Lilleaker Line operated by KES; the city council did not want to take over tram lines in the neighboring municipality of Aker.
The network taken over by Oslo Sporveier was extensive, consisting of the Vippetangen-, Vestbanen-, Homansbyen-, Sagene-, Grünerløkka–Torshov-, Rodeløkka-, Kampen-, Vålerenga- and Gamleby Line taken over from KSS and the Skøyen-, Frogner- and Briskeby Line taken over from KES. There was sufficient rolling stock from the two companies that Oslo Sporveier had a surplus; they had 148 cars, numbered 1–22 and 33–157, and 186 trailers, numbered 401–540 and 601–646—all the stock was double axled.
After the take-over Oslo Sporveier immediately started expanding the network; on 1 August 1925 the Homansbyen Line was extended from Adamstuen to Ullevål Hageby (becoming the Ullevål Hageby Line). Further expansions were the Kjelsås Line that opened on 25 September 1934 from Storo to Kjelsås and the expansion of the Sinsen Line from Sinsen to Carl Berners Plass. At this point the city has its most extensive tram network. The new company also decided that the permitted car width be 2.5 metres (8.2 ft), allowing wider suburban trams to run in the city streets. During the 1930 Oslo Sporveier decided they needed more rolling stock, and cooperated with Strømmens Værksted to create the Goldfish-series. Forty-six units were delivered in 1937–40, with twenty-four delivered in the street version, series E and twenty-two in the suburban version, series B. Built with an aluminum chassis, they were quick and light, with a distinct streamline shape, making them look like a goldfish.
Bus transport started in 1927 with line 18 between Kværner and Alexander Kiellands Plass. In 1931 the bus ring around the city is opened, and by 1937 Oslo Sporveier operated 113 vehicles. A test for the Oslo trolleybus service was performed in 1939; the breakout of World War II induced strict fuel rationing making it profitable for Oslo Sporveier to take into use trolleybuses using abundant electricity. In December 1940 the first trolleybus route opened, line 17 from served as a shuttle for the tram at Rodeløkka. Line 21 was the next to be converted—opening on 5 December 1943—running from Carl Berners Plass to Skillebekk, on route north of the city center. After sabotage against the a German aircraft engine facility co-located with the bus depot, line 17 was terminated on 21 August 1944 so the vehicles could be used on line 21.
After the war in 1946 Oslo Sporveier announced they would electrify three more bus lines; on 6 February 1949 ring line 20—from Majorstuen via Sagene and Carl Berners Plass to Galgeberg—and line 23, later renumbered 18, from Bjølsen to Lian Street, and expanded to Ekeberg Hageby on 11 June 1950. The last trolleybus route was line 24 converted on 20 May 1955 from Tåsen to the Eastern Railway Station. In total 72 trolleybuses, all built by Strømmen, were delivered.
On 1 October 1944, Oslo Sporveier bought Bærumsbanen and took over the operation of the Lillaker-, Ekeberg- and Østensjø Line. The municipalities of Oslo and Aker were merged 1 January 1948, and Aker's municipal tram company Akersbanerne was merged into Oslo Sporveier. This company did not operate any lines, instead it had a majority ownership in Holmenkolbanen that operated the four suburban lines in Western Oslo: the Holmenkoll Line, Sognsvann Line, Kolsås Line and Røa Line. The companies preferred shares were however still listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange.
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Oslo Sporveier
AS Oslo Sporveier is a defunct municipal owned company responsible for public transport in Oslo, Norway. It was created in 1924 to take over the city's two private tram companies. In 1927 its started with bus transport, including from 1940 to 1968 trolleybuses. Since 1966 rapid transit and from 1985 water buses have also been operated by the company. It was split into two separate companies in 2006; Kollektivtransportproduksjon took over the operation while Oslo Public Transport Administration (who retained the Oslo Sporveier brand) was responsible for buying the services, fare regulation and marketing. The latter merged into Ruter in 2008, when the Oslo Sporveier brand was discontinued.
In 1875, Kristiania Sporveisselskab (KSS) started the first horsecar services in Oslo—at the time called Kristiania. It was followed by Kristiania Elektriske Sporvei (KES) who established electric tram services in 1894; by 1900 KSS had also converted its routes to electric traction. In 1899 the city council decided to also venture into the tram industry, and established Kristiania Kommunale Sporveie (KKS, translates Kristiania Municipal Tramway). This company was forced to rent some tracks in the city center from the other companies, and was also relegated to build less profitable lines; lack of profits made the city council sell KKS to KSS in 1905.
The city had granted a concession to the two private street companies until 1924, after which the city could expropriate the companies. Both companies where well run and highly profitable, and on 1 May 1924 KSS and KES were merged and taken over by the city council, giving the new company the name A/S Kristiania Sporveier. On 1 January 1925 the city changed its name to Oslo, with the company's name also changing. The suburban tramways operated by Holmenkolbanen and Ekebergbanen were not taken over, as was the Lilleaker Line operated by KES; the city council did not want to take over tram lines in the neighboring municipality of Aker.
The network taken over by Oslo Sporveier was extensive, consisting of the Vippetangen-, Vestbanen-, Homansbyen-, Sagene-, Grünerløkka–Torshov-, Rodeløkka-, Kampen-, Vålerenga- and Gamleby Line taken over from KSS and the Skøyen-, Frogner- and Briskeby Line taken over from KES. There was sufficient rolling stock from the two companies that Oslo Sporveier had a surplus; they had 148 cars, numbered 1–22 and 33–157, and 186 trailers, numbered 401–540 and 601–646—all the stock was double axled.
After the take-over Oslo Sporveier immediately started expanding the network; on 1 August 1925 the Homansbyen Line was extended from Adamstuen to Ullevål Hageby (becoming the Ullevål Hageby Line). Further expansions were the Kjelsås Line that opened on 25 September 1934 from Storo to Kjelsås and the expansion of the Sinsen Line from Sinsen to Carl Berners Plass. At this point the city has its most extensive tram network. The new company also decided that the permitted car width be 2.5 metres (8.2 ft), allowing wider suburban trams to run in the city streets. During the 1930 Oslo Sporveier decided they needed more rolling stock, and cooperated with Strømmens Værksted to create the Goldfish-series. Forty-six units were delivered in 1937–40, with twenty-four delivered in the street version, series E and twenty-two in the suburban version, series B. Built with an aluminum chassis, they were quick and light, with a distinct streamline shape, making them look like a goldfish.
Bus transport started in 1927 with line 18 between Kværner and Alexander Kiellands Plass. In 1931 the bus ring around the city is opened, and by 1937 Oslo Sporveier operated 113 vehicles. A test for the Oslo trolleybus service was performed in 1939; the breakout of World War II induced strict fuel rationing making it profitable for Oslo Sporveier to take into use trolleybuses using abundant electricity. In December 1940 the first trolleybus route opened, line 17 from served as a shuttle for the tram at Rodeløkka. Line 21 was the next to be converted—opening on 5 December 1943—running from Carl Berners Plass to Skillebekk, on route north of the city center. After sabotage against the a German aircraft engine facility co-located with the bus depot, line 17 was terminated on 21 August 1944 so the vehicles could be used on line 21.
After the war in 1946 Oslo Sporveier announced they would electrify three more bus lines; on 6 February 1949 ring line 20—from Majorstuen via Sagene and Carl Berners Plass to Galgeberg—and line 23, later renumbered 18, from Bjølsen to Lian Street, and expanded to Ekeberg Hageby on 11 June 1950. The last trolleybus route was line 24 converted on 20 May 1955 from Tåsen to the Eastern Railway Station. In total 72 trolleybuses, all built by Strømmen, were delivered.
On 1 October 1944, Oslo Sporveier bought Bærumsbanen and took over the operation of the Lillaker-, Ekeberg- and Østensjø Line. The municipalities of Oslo and Aker were merged 1 January 1948, and Aker's municipal tram company Akersbanerne was merged into Oslo Sporveier. This company did not operate any lines, instead it had a majority ownership in Holmenkolbanen that operated the four suburban lines in Western Oslo: the Holmenkoll Line, Sognsvann Line, Kolsås Line and Røa Line. The companies preferred shares were however still listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange.