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Pablo de Rokha
Carlos Ignacio Díaz Loyola (17 October 1894 – 10 September 1968), known by the pseudonym Pablo de Rokha, was a Chilean vanguard poet. Awarded the Chilean National Prize for Literature in 1965, de Rokha is considered one of the four greats of Chilean poetry.
Carlos Ignacio Díaz Loyola was born on 17 October 1894 in Licantén, Provincia de Curicó (present-day, Maule Region) to Ignacio Díaz Alvarado and Laura Loyola Muñoz. De Rokha was baptized on 24 October 1894. His family was middle class farmers from a rural area and de Rokha's father did various jobs to earn a living, such as a farm manager and a chief customs officer in the Andes border crossings. De Rokha spent his childhood on the farm "Pocoa de Corinto" (Pocoa of Corinth farm) where his father was working as manager, and used to accompany his father to the Andes border crossings.
In 1901, de Rokha joined Public School Number 3 in the town of Talca. The following year he joined the San Pelayo de Talca Seminary, from which he was expelled in 1911 for reading 'forbidden' authors like Rabelais and Voltaire and showing them to his classmates. His classmates give him the nickname "El amigo piedra" (The Stone/Rock Friend) which he would later transform into "Pablo de Rokha" (Pablo of Stone), although in this early period his work was signed under the pseudonym of Job Díaz.
Having been expelled from the seminary gave him the chance to move to Santiago, Chile, where he finished the last year of secondary school and enrolled to study Law and Engineering at the University of Chile. However, he soon left the university and dedicated his life to poetry and bohemian Santiago. Around that time he made friends with other intellectuals like Pedro Sienna, Ángel Cruchaga Santa María and Vicente Huidobro, the latter of whom would become the father of the creationism movement. De Rokha also discovered the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche, the poète maudit and Walt Whitman, with whom he identified strongly. He also worked as journalist for two newspapers "La razón" (Reason) and "La mañana" (The Morning), and published some of his first poems in the magazine "Juventud" (Youth).
De Rokha returned to Talca in 1914 feeling that he had failed in his goals. There, he read the collection of poems "Lo que me dijo el silencio" (What the silence told me) by Juana Inés de la Cruz, the first pseudonym of Luisa Anabalón Sanderson. Despite criticizing the poetry harshly, he fell in love with their writer and returned to Santiago in search of her. In 1916, Luisa Anabalón became his wife, changing her pseudonym to Winétt de Rokha.
The poet went to the house of his future in-laws with a determined attitude, introducing himself as "a poet, and a very proud one". He was not welcomed by the family and became an enemy of his future father-in-law, Don Indalecio, to the point where they challenged each other to a duel. Before the agreed date of the duel, the young poet kidnapped Luisa and married her immediately. Years later the poet remembered the incident with his in-laws:
"¡Qué se había creído! El coronel Anabalón enseñándole urbanidad a mi heroísmo, como un elefante que le tirase la barba al mundo y más encima la suegra peluda y metafórica como el patíbulo."
"Who did he think he was! The colonel Anabalón teaching manners to my heroism, like an elephant pulling his beard at the world, and, on top of that, the mother in law hairy and metaphoric as the gallows."
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Pablo de Rokha
Carlos Ignacio Díaz Loyola (17 October 1894 – 10 September 1968), known by the pseudonym Pablo de Rokha, was a Chilean vanguard poet. Awarded the Chilean National Prize for Literature in 1965, de Rokha is considered one of the four greats of Chilean poetry.
Carlos Ignacio Díaz Loyola was born on 17 October 1894 in Licantén, Provincia de Curicó (present-day, Maule Region) to Ignacio Díaz Alvarado and Laura Loyola Muñoz. De Rokha was baptized on 24 October 1894. His family was middle class farmers from a rural area and de Rokha's father did various jobs to earn a living, such as a farm manager and a chief customs officer in the Andes border crossings. De Rokha spent his childhood on the farm "Pocoa de Corinto" (Pocoa of Corinth farm) where his father was working as manager, and used to accompany his father to the Andes border crossings.
In 1901, de Rokha joined Public School Number 3 in the town of Talca. The following year he joined the San Pelayo de Talca Seminary, from which he was expelled in 1911 for reading 'forbidden' authors like Rabelais and Voltaire and showing them to his classmates. His classmates give him the nickname "El amigo piedra" (The Stone/Rock Friend) which he would later transform into "Pablo de Rokha" (Pablo of Stone), although in this early period his work was signed under the pseudonym of Job Díaz.
Having been expelled from the seminary gave him the chance to move to Santiago, Chile, where he finished the last year of secondary school and enrolled to study Law and Engineering at the University of Chile. However, he soon left the university and dedicated his life to poetry and bohemian Santiago. Around that time he made friends with other intellectuals like Pedro Sienna, Ángel Cruchaga Santa María and Vicente Huidobro, the latter of whom would become the father of the creationism movement. De Rokha also discovered the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche, the poète maudit and Walt Whitman, with whom he identified strongly. He also worked as journalist for two newspapers "La razón" (Reason) and "La mañana" (The Morning), and published some of his first poems in the magazine "Juventud" (Youth).
De Rokha returned to Talca in 1914 feeling that he had failed in his goals. There, he read the collection of poems "Lo que me dijo el silencio" (What the silence told me) by Juana Inés de la Cruz, the first pseudonym of Luisa Anabalón Sanderson. Despite criticizing the poetry harshly, he fell in love with their writer and returned to Santiago in search of her. In 1916, Luisa Anabalón became his wife, changing her pseudonym to Winétt de Rokha.
The poet went to the house of his future in-laws with a determined attitude, introducing himself as "a poet, and a very proud one". He was not welcomed by the family and became an enemy of his future father-in-law, Don Indalecio, to the point where they challenged each other to a duel. Before the agreed date of the duel, the young poet kidnapped Luisa and married her immediately. Years later the poet remembered the incident with his in-laws:
"¡Qué se había creído! El coronel Anabalón enseñándole urbanidad a mi heroísmo, como un elefante que le tirase la barba al mundo y más encima la suegra peluda y metafórica como el patíbulo."
"Who did he think he was! The colonel Anabalón teaching manners to my heroism, like an elephant pulling his beard at the world, and, on top of that, the mother in law hairy and metaphoric as the gallows."
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