Panglao, officially the Municipality of Panglao (Cebuano: Munisipalidad sa Panglao; Tagalog: Bayan ng Panglao), is a municipality in the province of Bohol, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 39,839 people.

Panglao has educational institutions, including the San Agustin Academy (Panglao), Lourdes National High School, the Cristal e-College, and elementary schools located in every barangay (including the Panglao Central Elementary School). It is also home to Bohol–Panglao International Airport that serves as Bohol's primary airport, replacing Tagbilaran Airport in November 2018.

The town of Panglao, Bohol celebrates its fiesta on August 27–28, to honor the town patron San Agustin.

The name Panglao may have come from its former name Panglawod, meaning "to the open sea", or derived from the word panggaw, referring to a fishing implement used by locals. The island also could be named after mapanglao by the Spanish, means "lonesome place".

Panglao flourished during the rule of the polity of Bo-ol, but raids by Moluccans and conquest by Ternate resulted in periods of depopulation when its population fled mostly to Panay and Mindanao, including Dapitan.

Well before the Spanish colonization, the area was already long visited by Chinese and other Asian traders, as evinced by archaeological finds of Tang, Song, and Ming dynasty porcelain and trade wares.

During the Spanish rule, a Jesuit mission post was established, that in 1782 was formed into a parish, known as La Iglesia de San Agustin de Panglawod. In 1803, the town was officially made into a municipality.

The Panglao watchtower was built in 1851. The 5-storey octagonal tower is the tallest of its kind in the Philippines but suffers from neglect.