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Phosphite (ion) AI simulator
(@Phosphite (ion)_simulator)
Hub AI
Phosphite (ion) AI simulator
(@Phosphite (ion)_simulator)
Phosphite (ion)
A phosphite ion in inorganic chemistry usually refers to [HPO3]2− but includes [H2PO3]− ([HPO2(OH)]−). These anions are the conjugate bases of phosphorous acid (H3PO3). The corresponding salts, e.g. sodium phosphite (Na2HPO3) are reducing in character.
The IUPAC recommended name for phosphorous acid is phosphonic acid. Correspondingly, the IUPAC-recommended name for the HPO2−
3 ion is phosphonate. In the US the IUPAC naming conventions for inorganic compounds are taught at high school, but not as a 'required' part of the curriculum. A well-known university-level textbook follows the IUPAC recommendations. In practice any reference to "phosphite" should be investigated to determine the naming convention being employed.
From the commercial perspective, the most important phosphite salt is basic lead phosphite. Many salts containing the phosphite ion have been investigated structurally, these include sodium phosphite pentahydrate (Na2HPO3·5H2O). (NH4)2HPO3·H2O, CuHPO3·H2O, SnHPO3 and Al2(HPO3)3·4H2O. The structure of HPO2−
3 is approximately tetrahedral.
HPO2−
3 has a number of canonical resonance forms making it isoelectronic with bisulfite ion, HSO−
3, which has a similar structure.
Acid or hydrogen phosphites are called hydrogenphosphonates or acid phosphites. IUPAC recommends the name hydrogenphosphonates). They are anions HP(O)2OH−. A typical derivative is the salt [NH4][HP(O)2OH]. Many related salts are known, e.g., RbHPHO3, CsHPHO3, TlHPHO3. These salts are prepared by treating phosphorous acid with the metal carbonate. These compounds contain a layer polymeric anion consisting of HPO3 tetrahedra linked by hydrogen bonds. These layers are interleaved by layers of metal cations.
Organic esters of hydrogen phosphites are anions with the formula HP(O)2OR− (R = organic group). One commercial example is the fungicide fosetyl-Al with the formula [C2H5OP(H)O2]3Al.
Pyrophosphites (diphosphites) can be produced by gently heating acid phosphites under reduced pressure. They contain the ion H
2P
2O2−
5, which can be formulated [HP(O)2O−P(O)2H]2−.
In contrast to the paucity of evidence for PO3−
3, the corresponding arsenic ion, ortho-arsenite, AsO3−
3 is known. An example is Ag3AsO3 as well as the polymeric meta-arsenite (AsO−
2)
n. The iso-electronic sulfite ion, SO2−
3 is known from its salts.
Phosphite (ion)
A phosphite ion in inorganic chemistry usually refers to [HPO3]2− but includes [H2PO3]− ([HPO2(OH)]−). These anions are the conjugate bases of phosphorous acid (H3PO3). The corresponding salts, e.g. sodium phosphite (Na2HPO3) are reducing in character.
The IUPAC recommended name for phosphorous acid is phosphonic acid. Correspondingly, the IUPAC-recommended name for the HPO2−
3 ion is phosphonate. In the US the IUPAC naming conventions for inorganic compounds are taught at high school, but not as a 'required' part of the curriculum. A well-known university-level textbook follows the IUPAC recommendations. In practice any reference to "phosphite" should be investigated to determine the naming convention being employed.
From the commercial perspective, the most important phosphite salt is basic lead phosphite. Many salts containing the phosphite ion have been investigated structurally, these include sodium phosphite pentahydrate (Na2HPO3·5H2O). (NH4)2HPO3·H2O, CuHPO3·H2O, SnHPO3 and Al2(HPO3)3·4H2O. The structure of HPO2−
3 is approximately tetrahedral.
HPO2−
3 has a number of canonical resonance forms making it isoelectronic with bisulfite ion, HSO−
3, which has a similar structure.
Acid or hydrogen phosphites are called hydrogenphosphonates or acid phosphites. IUPAC recommends the name hydrogenphosphonates). They are anions HP(O)2OH−. A typical derivative is the salt [NH4][HP(O)2OH]. Many related salts are known, e.g., RbHPHO3, CsHPHO3, TlHPHO3. These salts are prepared by treating phosphorous acid with the metal carbonate. These compounds contain a layer polymeric anion consisting of HPO3 tetrahedra linked by hydrogen bonds. These layers are interleaved by layers of metal cations.
Organic esters of hydrogen phosphites are anions with the formula HP(O)2OR− (R = organic group). One commercial example is the fungicide fosetyl-Al with the formula [C2H5OP(H)O2]3Al.
Pyrophosphites (diphosphites) can be produced by gently heating acid phosphites under reduced pressure. They contain the ion H
2P
2O2−
5, which can be formulated [HP(O)2O−P(O)2H]2−.
In contrast to the paucity of evidence for PO3−
3, the corresponding arsenic ion, ortho-arsenite, AsO3−
3 is known. An example is Ag3AsO3 as well as the polymeric meta-arsenite (AsO−
2)
n. The iso-electronic sulfite ion, SO2−
3 is known from its salts.
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