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Podophyllotoxin
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Podophyllotoxin
Podophyllotoxin (PPT) is the active ingredient in Podofilox, a medical cream used to treat genital warts and molluscum contagiosum. It is not recommended for HPV infections without external warts. It can be applied either by a healthcare provider or the patient themselves.
Podophyllotoxin is a non-alkaloid lignan extracted from the roots and rhizomes of plants of the genus Podophyllum. A less refined form known as podophyllum resin is also available, but has greater side effects.
Podophyllotoxin was first isolated in pure form in 1880 by Valerian Podwyssotzki (1818 – 28 January 1892), a Polish-Russian privatdozent at the University of Dorpat (now Tartu, Estonia) and assistant at the Pharmacological Institute there.
PPT is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Podophyllotoxin possesses a large number of medical applications, as it inhibits replication of both cellular and viral DNA by binding necessary enzymes. It can additionally destabilize microtubules and prevent cell division. Because of these interactions it is considered an antimitotic drug. It has been employed in the treatment of a wide range of medical conditions, from infections to cancer, although modern medicine typically relies on less orally toxic derivatives when antimitotic effects are desired.
Podophyllotoxin cream is commonly prescribed as a potent topical antiviral. It is used for the treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections with external warts as well as molluscum contagiosum infections. 0.5% PPT cream is prescribed for twice daily applications for 3 days followed by 4 days with no application; this weekly cycle is repeated for four weeks. PPT can also be prescribed as a gel, as opposed to a cream, and is also sold under the names condyline and warticon.
The most common side effects of podophyllotoxin cream are typically limited to irritation of tissue surrounding the application site, usually burning, redness, pain, itching, and swelling. Application is sometimes immediately followed by burning or itching. Small sores, itching, and peeling skin may also follow. For these reasons it is recommended that application be done in a way that limits contact with surrounding uninfected tissue.
Neither podophyllin resin nor podophyllotoxin lotions or gels are used during pregnancy because these medications have been shown to be embryotoxic in both mice and rats. Antimitotic agents are in general not typically recommended during pregnancy. Additionally, it has not been determined if podophyllotoxin can pass into breast milk from topical applications and therefore it is not recommended for breastfeeding women.
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Podophyllotoxin
Podophyllotoxin (PPT) is the active ingredient in Podofilox, a medical cream used to treat genital warts and molluscum contagiosum. It is not recommended for HPV infections without external warts. It can be applied either by a healthcare provider or the patient themselves.
Podophyllotoxin is a non-alkaloid lignan extracted from the roots and rhizomes of plants of the genus Podophyllum. A less refined form known as podophyllum resin is also available, but has greater side effects.
Podophyllotoxin was first isolated in pure form in 1880 by Valerian Podwyssotzki (1818 – 28 January 1892), a Polish-Russian privatdozent at the University of Dorpat (now Tartu, Estonia) and assistant at the Pharmacological Institute there.
PPT is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Podophyllotoxin possesses a large number of medical applications, as it inhibits replication of both cellular and viral DNA by binding necessary enzymes. It can additionally destabilize microtubules and prevent cell division. Because of these interactions it is considered an antimitotic drug. It has been employed in the treatment of a wide range of medical conditions, from infections to cancer, although modern medicine typically relies on less orally toxic derivatives when antimitotic effects are desired.
Podophyllotoxin cream is commonly prescribed as a potent topical antiviral. It is used for the treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections with external warts as well as molluscum contagiosum infections. 0.5% PPT cream is prescribed for twice daily applications for 3 days followed by 4 days with no application; this weekly cycle is repeated for four weeks. PPT can also be prescribed as a gel, as opposed to a cream, and is also sold under the names condyline and warticon.
The most common side effects of podophyllotoxin cream are typically limited to irritation of tissue surrounding the application site, usually burning, redness, pain, itching, and swelling. Application is sometimes immediately followed by burning or itching. Small sores, itching, and peeling skin may also follow. For these reasons it is recommended that application be done in a way that limits contact with surrounding uninfected tissue.
Neither podophyllin resin nor podophyllotoxin lotions or gels are used during pregnancy because these medications have been shown to be embryotoxic in both mice and rats. Antimitotic agents are in general not typically recommended during pregnancy. Additionally, it has not been determined if podophyllotoxin can pass into breast milk from topical applications and therefore it is not recommended for breastfeeding women.
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