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President of Peru
The president of Peru (Spanish: presidente del Perú), officially the constitutional president of the Republic of Peru (Spanish: presidente constitucional de la República del Perú), is the head of state and head of government of Peru. The president is the head of the executive branch and is the supreme head of the Armed Forces and National Police of Peru. The office of president corresponds to the highest magistracy in the country, making the president the highest-ranking public official in Peru. Due to broadly interpreted impeachment wording in the 1993 Constitution of Peru, the Congress of Peru can impeach the president without cause, effectively making the executive branch subject to the legislature.
The president is elected to direct the general policy of the government, work with the Congress of the Republic and the Council of Ministers to enact reform, and be an administrator of the state, enforcing the constitution, which establishes the presidential requirements, rights, and obligations. The executive branch is located at the Palacio de Gobierno, located in the historic center of Lima. The building has been used and occupied by the heads of state of Peru, dating back to Francisco Pizarro and the viceroys of Peru.
The current president is José María Balcázar. He also serves as president of the Congress, he was sworn into office on 18 February 2026 after his predecessor José Jeri was censured on 17 February 2026, leaving the office vacant. Jeri had also ascended to the role of president after his predecessor Dina Boluarte was impeached and removed from office in 2025.
Ordinarily, the president is elected to a five-year term, and is barred from immediate reelection. A former president can run again after being out of office for a full term. The presidential inauguration takes place on 28 July in Congress. The date also marks the independence from Spain and is a national holiday. The Congress of the Republic has the power to end a president's term prematurely through impeachment. Under Article 113 of the Constitution of 1993, the president can be removed due to death, "permanent moral or physical disability" determined by Congress, resignation, fleeing national territory without permission from Congress, or dismissal for committing infractions outlined in Article 117 of the Constitution. Four presidents have been successfully impeached and removed from office: Alberto Fujimori (2000), Martín Vizcarra (2020, second impeachment), Pedro Castillo (2022, third impeachment), and Dina Boularte (2025).
Several presidents of Peru have attempted to resign due to political crisis: Luis José de Orbegoso (1836), Mariano Ignacio Prado (1868), Miguel Iglesias (1885), Andrés Avelino Cáceres (1895), Guillermo Billinghurst (1914), Alberto Fujimori (2000), Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (2018) and Manuel Merino (2020). In addition, the first two presidents, Riva Agüero and José Bernardo de Tagle, were forcefully removed from office during the Peruvian War of Independence. There have also been a number of unrecognized presidents. In 1992 and 2019, after the dissolution of the Congress, the legislative body unsuccessfully removed the president from office and swore in vice presidents as the de facto president.
The last directly elected president was Pedro Castillo, who was elected for a term from 2021 to 2026. His Vice President, Dina Boluarte, a former civil servant, succeeded him as president following his impeachment after a failed coup attempt. There have been 20 attempted coups d’état in Peru’s history, 16 of which were successful. The last successful coup d'état was carried out by Alberto Fujimori in 1992, who was later imprisoned for human rights violations and corruption.
Presidential inaugurations take place in the Congress of the Republic of Peru in the capital city of Lima. Presidential inaugurations always take place on 28 July of its respective year, although in the case of constitutional succession, an inauguration is on the day that the presidential successor arrives in Lima. The presidential inauguration precedes a National Parade of the Military of Peru. Foreign dignitaries have often assisted the democratic transition of power in Peru.
The contemporary placed presidential oath in Spanish is as follows:
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President of Peru
The president of Peru (Spanish: presidente del Perú), officially the constitutional president of the Republic of Peru (Spanish: presidente constitucional de la República del Perú), is the head of state and head of government of Peru. The president is the head of the executive branch and is the supreme head of the Armed Forces and National Police of Peru. The office of president corresponds to the highest magistracy in the country, making the president the highest-ranking public official in Peru. Due to broadly interpreted impeachment wording in the 1993 Constitution of Peru, the Congress of Peru can impeach the president without cause, effectively making the executive branch subject to the legislature.
The president is elected to direct the general policy of the government, work with the Congress of the Republic and the Council of Ministers to enact reform, and be an administrator of the state, enforcing the constitution, which establishes the presidential requirements, rights, and obligations. The executive branch is located at the Palacio de Gobierno, located in the historic center of Lima. The building has been used and occupied by the heads of state of Peru, dating back to Francisco Pizarro and the viceroys of Peru.
The current president is José María Balcázar. He also serves as president of the Congress, he was sworn into office on 18 February 2026 after his predecessor José Jeri was censured on 17 February 2026, leaving the office vacant. Jeri had also ascended to the role of president after his predecessor Dina Boluarte was impeached and removed from office in 2025.
Ordinarily, the president is elected to a five-year term, and is barred from immediate reelection. A former president can run again after being out of office for a full term. The presidential inauguration takes place on 28 July in Congress. The date also marks the independence from Spain and is a national holiday. The Congress of the Republic has the power to end a president's term prematurely through impeachment. Under Article 113 of the Constitution of 1993, the president can be removed due to death, "permanent moral or physical disability" determined by Congress, resignation, fleeing national territory without permission from Congress, or dismissal for committing infractions outlined in Article 117 of the Constitution. Four presidents have been successfully impeached and removed from office: Alberto Fujimori (2000), Martín Vizcarra (2020, second impeachment), Pedro Castillo (2022, third impeachment), and Dina Boularte (2025).
Several presidents of Peru have attempted to resign due to political crisis: Luis José de Orbegoso (1836), Mariano Ignacio Prado (1868), Miguel Iglesias (1885), Andrés Avelino Cáceres (1895), Guillermo Billinghurst (1914), Alberto Fujimori (2000), Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (2018) and Manuel Merino (2020). In addition, the first two presidents, Riva Agüero and José Bernardo de Tagle, were forcefully removed from office during the Peruvian War of Independence. There have also been a number of unrecognized presidents. In 1992 and 2019, after the dissolution of the Congress, the legislative body unsuccessfully removed the president from office and swore in vice presidents as the de facto president.
The last directly elected president was Pedro Castillo, who was elected for a term from 2021 to 2026. His Vice President, Dina Boluarte, a former civil servant, succeeded him as president following his impeachment after a failed coup attempt. There have been 20 attempted coups d’état in Peru’s history, 16 of which were successful. The last successful coup d'état was carried out by Alberto Fujimori in 1992, who was later imprisoned for human rights violations and corruption.
Presidential inaugurations take place in the Congress of the Republic of Peru in the capital city of Lima. Presidential inaugurations always take place on 28 July of its respective year, although in the case of constitutional succession, an inauguration is on the day that the presidential successor arrives in Lima. The presidential inauguration precedes a National Parade of the Military of Peru. Foreign dignitaries have often assisted the democratic transition of power in Peru.
The contemporary placed presidential oath in Spanish is as follows: