The Providence Friars are the intercollegiate athletic teams that represent Providence College, located in Providence, Rhode Island. They compete in the Big East Conference (NCAA Division I) for every sport except for ice hockey, where they compete in Hockey East. The Big East Conference was founded in 1979 by former athletic director and men's basketball coach Dave Gavitt. On December 15, 2012, Providence and the other seven Catholic, non-FBS schools announced that they were departing the Big East for a new conference; on March 7, 2013, it was officially confirmed that Providence's new conference would operate under the Big East name. The women's volleyball team, which had been an associate member of the America East Conference before the Big East split, remained in that conference for one more season before joining the Big East for the 2014 season.

The school's men's and women's sports teams are called the Friars, after the Dominican Order that runs the school. They are the only collegiate team to use the name.

Overall, the program consists of 17 varsity sports, seven for men and ten for women: men's and women's basketball, men's and women's cross country, field hockey, men's and women's ice hockey, men's lacrosse, men's and women's soccer, softball, men's and women's swimming and diving, women's tennis, men's and women's track and field, and women's volleyball. The lacrosse team competed in the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference through the 2009 season before joining the newly created Big East lacrosse league for 2010.

Former sports include football, which was offered from 1921 until World War II in 1941, and baseball, which was dropped due to Title IX in 1999. Other dropped sports include men's tennis and men's golf, the latter of which will be reinstated in 2025–26. Women's golf will be added for the first time in 2025–26.

The school's biggest rivals are Boston University and Boston College in hockey and UConn and URI (Ocean State Rivalry) in the school's other sports, especially in soccer, swimming and diving, and basketball.

Providence College had a varsity football program from 1921 to 1941.

The Friars fielded a varsity baseball team from 1923 to 1999. They won the Big East Conference baseball tournament in 1992 and 1999. They reached the NCAA Division I baseball tournament nine times: 1962, 1968, 1970, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1992, 1995, 1999.

In October of 1998, school president Rev. Philip A. Smith announced that baseball (alongside men's golf and tennis) would be discontinued "in order to comply with gender equity and proportionality strictures" as set by Title IX regulations. Charlie Hickey was the last coach for the Friars. The last game in Providence at Hendricken Field was on May 15, 1999 against Villanova, which the Friars won 7-4. Their final game was on May 30 against Florida State in the NCAA Tournament with a 14-3 loss. In 2024, Providence College started fielding a club team in baseball in Division II of the National Club Baseball Association.