Province of Pola
Province of Pola
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Province of Pola

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Province of Pola

Province of Pola (Italian: provincia di Pola) was a province of the Kingdom of Italy created after World War I, that officially existed from 1923 until 1947. The capital (capoluogo in Italian) was Pola. After the Second World War the province of Pola became part of Yugoslavia. Following the collapse of Yugoslavia in 1991, the province of Pola has been part of Croatia and Slovenia.

The province of Pola was divided in 1938 into 42 comuni (municipalities) and had an area of 3,718 km2 with a population of 294,492 inhabitants (80 ab./km2). It was located in the peninsula of Istria.

The 1921 Italian Census showed that in the province there were 199,942 Italians (67%) and 90.262 Croats (23%), with 9% of Slovenians and Austrians, most of them former employees of the Habsburg empire.[citation needed] The city of Pola had 41,125 Italians (91%) and 5,420 Croats (9%).[citation needed] In the province there was a small community of Istro-Romanians, concentrated around the Valdarsa area in central Istria.

Nearly 96% of the population was Catholic and they were members of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Parenzo and Pola, in those years within the ecclesiastical province of Arcidiocesi di Gorizia.

The province of Pola was created in January 1923 with "Regio Decreto # 53" after Italy's victory in World War I that united Istria to the Kingdom of Italy: it was the former Margraviate of Istria with the islands of the Quarnaro, Cherso and Lussino.

Initially, the province was made of all the areas of Istria. It was also made up of less Muggia and other small municipalities united to the province of Trieste. But in 1924, the area of "Circondario di Volosca-Abbazia" – less the municipalities of Castelnuovo d'Istria and Matteria- was united to the province of Fiume.

Following the collapse of Austria-Hungary in 1918, Pola and the whole of Istria – except the territory of Castua – were assigned to Italy.

Pola became the capital of the newly created "province of Pola". The city's decline in population after World War I was mainly due to economic difficulties caused by the withdrawal of Austro-Hungarian military and bureaucratic facilities and the dismissal of workers from the shipyard.

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