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Qitai County
Qitai County (Chinese: 奇台县), also known as Gucheng County (Chinese: 古城县; Uyghur: گۇچۇڭ ناھىيىسى), is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China under the administration of the Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture. It covers an area of 16,641 square kilometres (6,425 sq mi) and as of the 2002 census[update] had a population of 230,000.
Qitai County's county seat is in Qitai Town. Gucheng Township is nearby.
There are several theories regarding the origin of the place name "Qitai." One explanation is that in the 24th year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1759 AD), seven fortresses were built in what is now Laoqitai Town, Qitai County. This seventh fortress east of Ürümqi was called "Qitai" (Seven Fortresses). Since the Chinese characters for "seven" (七, qī) and "strange/unique" (奇, qí) are homophones, the name later evolved into "Qitai." Another theory is that in the old county seat (now Laoqitai Town), due to water shortages, every household dug wells with uniquely shaped "well platforms" called "qi" (奇), which was later abbreviated as Qitai. A third theory suggests that "Qitai" is a transliteration of "Khitan" (契丹), a historic ethnic group.
In 119 BC (4th year of Emperor Wu's Yuanshou era), Zhang Qian led his second mission to the Western Regions, opening diplomatic relations with states such as Wusun and Dayuan.
By 68 BC (2nd year of Emperor Xuan's Dijing era), General Zheng Ji conquered Jushi, and the region came under Han control; the Han government then established agricultural colonies and administrative offices.
In 629 AD (14th year of Tang Taizong's Zhenguan), General Li Jing led a successful campaign against the Eastern Turks, after which the Tang dynasty solidified its control over the northern silk route.
In 640 AD, under Tang Zhenguan 14, Pulai County (蒲类县) was established northwest of modern Qitai, under Tingzhou prefecture; by 702 AD, it fell under the Northern Protectorate administration, and by 732 AD the post of military governor was permanently stationed there.
Located on one of the main routes of the Silk Road, the old Gucheng (often referred in the European writing of the past as "Ku Ch'eng-tze", Kucheng, Kuchengtze, etc., using Wade-Giles or Postal Romanization systems), was the western terminal for one of the caravan routes across the Gobi Desert. Owen Lattimore in The Desert Road to Turkestan leaves an account of his travel along this route in 1926–27.
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Qitai County
Qitai County (Chinese: 奇台县), also known as Gucheng County (Chinese: 古城县; Uyghur: گۇچۇڭ ناھىيىسى), is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China under the administration of the Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture. It covers an area of 16,641 square kilometres (6,425 sq mi) and as of the 2002 census[update] had a population of 230,000.
Qitai County's county seat is in Qitai Town. Gucheng Township is nearby.
There are several theories regarding the origin of the place name "Qitai." One explanation is that in the 24th year of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1759 AD), seven fortresses were built in what is now Laoqitai Town, Qitai County. This seventh fortress east of Ürümqi was called "Qitai" (Seven Fortresses). Since the Chinese characters for "seven" (七, qī) and "strange/unique" (奇, qí) are homophones, the name later evolved into "Qitai." Another theory is that in the old county seat (now Laoqitai Town), due to water shortages, every household dug wells with uniquely shaped "well platforms" called "qi" (奇), which was later abbreviated as Qitai. A third theory suggests that "Qitai" is a transliteration of "Khitan" (契丹), a historic ethnic group.
In 119 BC (4th year of Emperor Wu's Yuanshou era), Zhang Qian led his second mission to the Western Regions, opening diplomatic relations with states such as Wusun and Dayuan.
By 68 BC (2nd year of Emperor Xuan's Dijing era), General Zheng Ji conquered Jushi, and the region came under Han control; the Han government then established agricultural colonies and administrative offices.
In 629 AD (14th year of Tang Taizong's Zhenguan), General Li Jing led a successful campaign against the Eastern Turks, after which the Tang dynasty solidified its control over the northern silk route.
In 640 AD, under Tang Zhenguan 14, Pulai County (蒲类县) was established northwest of modern Qitai, under Tingzhou prefecture; by 702 AD, it fell under the Northern Protectorate administration, and by 732 AD the post of military governor was permanently stationed there.
Located on one of the main routes of the Silk Road, the old Gucheng (often referred in the European writing of the past as "Ku Ch'eng-tze", Kucheng, Kuchengtze, etc., using Wade-Giles or Postal Romanization systems), was the western terminal for one of the caravan routes across the Gobi Desert. Owen Lattimore in The Desert Road to Turkestan leaves an account of his travel along this route in 1926–27.
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