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Richard George Voge
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Richard George Voge
Richard George Voge, Jr., (4 May 1904 – 17 November 1948), was an officer in the Submarine Service of the United States Navy. Most civilians "did not realize that he was one of the foremost world authorities on underseas warfare, that he had figured in some of the most thrilling episodes of the vast conflict in the Pacific, or that he had been decorated, with citations drawn in the most laudatory terms, by Admiral Chester Nimitz and the President of the United States."
Voge was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Harriet Fish and Richard George Voge, Sr. He completed the course at Harrison Technical High School in Chicago in 1921, and entered the Naval Academy later that year, graduating on June 4, 1925 with high honors and receiving his ensign's commission.
He attended the New London Submarine School, graduating first in his class. His first assignment was three years in the armored cruiser Pittsburgh (CA-4). In early 1929, Voge returned to the United States from the Far East to attend the Naval Submarine School at Naval Submarine Base New London, Connecticut. After completing that course and qualifying for submarine duty, he spent the bulk of his remaining time at sea in submarines, including the following pre-World War II assignments:
In mid-February 1940, Commander Voge returned to the Asiatic Fleet and assumed command of the submarine Sealion (SS-195), based at Cavite in the Philippines, and commanded that submarine until the opening day of American participation in World War II.
At the outbreak of hostilities on 8 December 1941 (West Longitude Time), Voge suffered the double ignominy of having his command caught in overhaul and, three days later, of losing her to enemy bombs while still at Cavite Navy Yard. Voge, however, quickly recovered from that blow, assumed command of Sailfish (SS-192) (formerly named Squalus) on 17 December, and led her on five successful war patrols during the first eight months of 1942. Until the Battles of Coral Sea and of Midway in May and June, respectively, only Pacific Fleet submarines like Sailfish were able to fight to impede the Japanese onslaught; and their war patrols provided the one bright spot for the Allied cause in the Pacific.
In August 1942, upon the completion of his fifth war patrol in Sailfish, Voge received orders to join the staff of Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet, as operations and combat intelligence officer. He retained that position, in which he was promoted to captain to date from 20 July 1943, until late in the war, when he was ordered to Washington, D.C., to serve in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations.
During World War II, at the behest of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt the United States military documented its own administrative and operational events for use in producing detailed, definitive histories to be completed after the war. As the United States Navy’s contribution, teams of officers produced a 300-volume series titled United States Naval Administrative Histories of World War II, so detailed it was declared “Top Secret” and not published. As part of the series, Captain Voge was assigned to supervise the definitive history of U.S. submarine activities in the war. He researched and wrote the history's sections dealing with Pacific Fleet submarines, while Lieutenant Commander Donald S. Graham, USN, wrote about the Atlantic Fleet and Commander William H. Hazzard, USN, wrote about the Southwest Pacific. Voge's two-volume, 672-page history, Submarine Commands, was finished in 1946.
Voge was awarded a Bronze Star in 1942 for a disabling attack on a heavily-escorted Japanese aircraft carrier. That same year he earned the Navy Cross for, as master of the U.S.S. Sailfish, sinking a large Japanese cruiser, and scoring two torpedo hits on another Japanese aircraft carrier, knocking it out of commission.
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Richard George Voge
Richard George Voge, Jr., (4 May 1904 – 17 November 1948), was an officer in the Submarine Service of the United States Navy. Most civilians "did not realize that he was one of the foremost world authorities on underseas warfare, that he had figured in some of the most thrilling episodes of the vast conflict in the Pacific, or that he had been decorated, with citations drawn in the most laudatory terms, by Admiral Chester Nimitz and the President of the United States."
Voge was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Harriet Fish and Richard George Voge, Sr. He completed the course at Harrison Technical High School in Chicago in 1921, and entered the Naval Academy later that year, graduating on June 4, 1925 with high honors and receiving his ensign's commission.
He attended the New London Submarine School, graduating first in his class. His first assignment was three years in the armored cruiser Pittsburgh (CA-4). In early 1929, Voge returned to the United States from the Far East to attend the Naval Submarine School at Naval Submarine Base New London, Connecticut. After completing that course and qualifying for submarine duty, he spent the bulk of his remaining time at sea in submarines, including the following pre-World War II assignments:
In mid-February 1940, Commander Voge returned to the Asiatic Fleet and assumed command of the submarine Sealion (SS-195), based at Cavite in the Philippines, and commanded that submarine until the opening day of American participation in World War II.
At the outbreak of hostilities on 8 December 1941 (West Longitude Time), Voge suffered the double ignominy of having his command caught in overhaul and, three days later, of losing her to enemy bombs while still at Cavite Navy Yard. Voge, however, quickly recovered from that blow, assumed command of Sailfish (SS-192) (formerly named Squalus) on 17 December, and led her on five successful war patrols during the first eight months of 1942. Until the Battles of Coral Sea and of Midway in May and June, respectively, only Pacific Fleet submarines like Sailfish were able to fight to impede the Japanese onslaught; and their war patrols provided the one bright spot for the Allied cause in the Pacific.
In August 1942, upon the completion of his fifth war patrol in Sailfish, Voge received orders to join the staff of Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet, as operations and combat intelligence officer. He retained that position, in which he was promoted to captain to date from 20 July 1943, until late in the war, when he was ordered to Washington, D.C., to serve in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations.
During World War II, at the behest of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt the United States military documented its own administrative and operational events for use in producing detailed, definitive histories to be completed after the war. As the United States Navy’s contribution, teams of officers produced a 300-volume series titled United States Naval Administrative Histories of World War II, so detailed it was declared “Top Secret” and not published. As part of the series, Captain Voge was assigned to supervise the definitive history of U.S. submarine activities in the war. He researched and wrote the history's sections dealing with Pacific Fleet submarines, while Lieutenant Commander Donald S. Graham, USN, wrote about the Atlantic Fleet and Commander William H. Hazzard, USN, wrote about the Southwest Pacific. Voge's two-volume, 672-page history, Submarine Commands, was finished in 1946.
Voge was awarded a Bronze Star in 1942 for a disabling attack on a heavily-escorted Japanese aircraft carrier. That same year he earned the Navy Cross for, as master of the U.S.S. Sailfish, sinking a large Japanese cruiser, and scoring two torpedo hits on another Japanese aircraft carrier, knocking it out of commission.