The roadmap for peace or road map for peace (Hebrew: מפת הדרכים Mapa had'rakhim, Arabic: خارطة طريق السلام Khāriṭa ṭarīq as-salāmu) was a plan to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict proposed by the Quartet on the Middle East. The principles of the plan, originally drafted by U.S. Foreign Service Officer Donald Blome, were first outlined by U.S. President George W. Bush in a speech on 24 June 2002, in which he called for an independent Palestinian state living side by side with Israel in peace. A draft version from the Bush administration was published as early as 14 November 2002. The final text was released on 30 April 2003. The process reached a deadlock early in phase I and the plan was never implemented.

In March 2002, in response to a wave of Palestinian suicide attacks as part of the Second Intifada that culminated in the "Passover massacre", Israel launched a major military operation in the West Bank, dubbed Operation Defensive Shield. Virtually the entire Palestinian public administration was destroyed by the Israeli army. Israel re-established its full exclusive military control over the West Bank, including Areas A and B, which were intended to be handed over to the Palestinian Authority within the framework of the Oslo II Accord. The army largely destroyed Arafat's Compound in Ramallah, containing the main offices of the PA, and placed President Yasser Arafat under siege.

The United States, European Union, United Nations, and Russia formed the Quartet on the Middle East and tried to save the peace process with a new plan, against the backdrop of the U.S. War on Terror, which dominated international politics at the time.

The Roadmap was based on a speech given by U.S. President George W. Bush on 24 June 2002. An EU-composed first draft, proposed in September 2002, was put aside in favour of a later-U.S.-draft. The draft version from the Bush administration was published as early as 14 November 2002. The EU pushed the Quartet to present the final text on 20 December 2002, but failed, due to Israeli opposition. Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon pledged support for the Roadmap, provided the Palestinian state was restricted to 42% of the West Bank and 70% of the Gaza strip; and under full Israeli control. Israel ruled out the division of Jerusalem and the Palestinian right of return and requested more than 100 changes to the Roadmap. Only after Prime Minister Sharon's re-election, the nomination of Mahmoud Abbas as Palestinian prime minister, and the installation of a new Palestinian government was the plan finally published on 30 April 2003, the day the invasion phase of the Iraq War ended. In a statement, President Bush made clear that the plan was developed by the United States, not by the Quartet.

Described as a "performance-based and goal-driven roadmap", the Roadmap was built on goals without going into details. It may be summarized as:

However, as a performance-based plan, progress would require and depend upon the good faith efforts of the parties, and their compliance with each of the obligations the Quartet put into the plan. This made the Roadmap different from former peace plans; there was no (unrealistic) time-scheme to reach the goal, a Palestinian state.

The Roadmap was composed of three phases:

I. Satisfying the preconditions for a Palestinian state;