As Robert Boyle's assistant, Hooke made significant improvements to the air pump, which was crucial for conducting experiments on pneumatics and vacuums. He designed and implemented mechanisms that improved the pump's efficiency and reliability.

Hooke significantly improved the design and functionality of microscopes. He created a compound microscope with enhanced illumination and focusing mechanisms, which enabled him to observe and document minute details of various specimens in "Micrographia".

Hooke designed and built telescopes for astronomical observations. He focused on improving the lenses and mountings to achieve higher magnification and clearer images. He made observations of the planets and other celestial objects using these instruments.

Hooke invented or improved various instruments for measuring time and assisting navigation, including improved watches and barometers. His inventions demonstrated his practical skills and his interest in solving real-world problems.