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Samandağ
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Samandağ
Samandağ, formerly known as Süveydiye (Arabic: السويدية, romanized: al-Sūwaydiyya), is a municipality and district of Hatay Province, Turkey. Its area is 384 km2, and its population is 123,447 (2022). It lies at the mouth of the Asi River on the Mediterranean coast, near Turkey's border with Syria, 25 km (16 mi) from the city of Antakya. In February 2023, the town was heavily damaged by powerful earthquakes.
Samandağ was formerly known as Suweydiye - Arabic for “the black one", in reference to the local roe deer. The Armenian name of the town "Svetia" (Սվեդիա) was derived from the Arabic one.
It was also nicknamed Yukarı Alevışık (Turkish: "Hill of the Alevis/Alawites) and Levşiye (likely the corrupted Arabic form of the ancient name of Seleucia).
It was forcibly renamed Samandağ (Seman-Dağ, Turkish for the Arabic Jabal Sem'an: St. Simeon Mountain) in 1948, part of a systematic campaign to erase local Arab and Armenian heritage through Turkification.
Samandağ lies near the site of the ancient Seleucia Pieria, founded in 300 BC after the Persian Empire was ousted from the region by Seleucus Nicator, a general of Alexander the Great, in the Seleucid era that followed Alexander's demise. Seleucia Pieria quickly became a major Mediterranean port of the Hellenistic and Roman eras, the port of Antioch. However, it was subject to silting and an earthquake in 526 finally completed its demise as a port.
During the 6th century, Saint Simeon Stylites the Younger lived on Saman Dağı, a nearby mountain that is also known in Christian sources as the "Wondrous Mountain" or the "Admirable Mountain."
Samandağ, then called St Symeon, became the port of Antioch. The area was conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate in 637 after the Battle of the Iron Bridge and later it came under the control of the Umayyad and Abbasid Arab dynasties. It was then reconquered by the Byzantines under Nikephoros II Phokas but later conquered by the Seljuk Turks under general Afşin Bey after the Battle of Manzikert which resulted in a disastrous defeat for the Byzantines. It played an important role in the capture of the city by the Crusaders in 1098, to be known as Soudin. The area was known as Svediye.
There were originally six Armenian villages; Bityas, Kabousiye, Haji Habibly, Kheder Beg, Yoghoun Olouk and Vakif. After the French government agreed to cede Hatay Province to Turkey in 1939, all Armenian villagers (with the exception of some from Vakif) emigrated to Anjar, Lebanon. Vakıflı, the village's modern name, is the only remaining Armenian village in Turkey, with 103 inhabitants (2022).
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Samandağ
Samandağ, formerly known as Süveydiye (Arabic: السويدية, romanized: al-Sūwaydiyya), is a municipality and district of Hatay Province, Turkey. Its area is 384 km2, and its population is 123,447 (2022). It lies at the mouth of the Asi River on the Mediterranean coast, near Turkey's border with Syria, 25 km (16 mi) from the city of Antakya. In February 2023, the town was heavily damaged by powerful earthquakes.
Samandağ was formerly known as Suweydiye - Arabic for “the black one", in reference to the local roe deer. The Armenian name of the town "Svetia" (Սվեդիա) was derived from the Arabic one.
It was also nicknamed Yukarı Alevışık (Turkish: "Hill of the Alevis/Alawites) and Levşiye (likely the corrupted Arabic form of the ancient name of Seleucia).
It was forcibly renamed Samandağ (Seman-Dağ, Turkish for the Arabic Jabal Sem'an: St. Simeon Mountain) in 1948, part of a systematic campaign to erase local Arab and Armenian heritage through Turkification.
Samandağ lies near the site of the ancient Seleucia Pieria, founded in 300 BC after the Persian Empire was ousted from the region by Seleucus Nicator, a general of Alexander the Great, in the Seleucid era that followed Alexander's demise. Seleucia Pieria quickly became a major Mediterranean port of the Hellenistic and Roman eras, the port of Antioch. However, it was subject to silting and an earthquake in 526 finally completed its demise as a port.
During the 6th century, Saint Simeon Stylites the Younger lived on Saman Dağı, a nearby mountain that is also known in Christian sources as the "Wondrous Mountain" or the "Admirable Mountain."
Samandağ, then called St Symeon, became the port of Antioch. The area was conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate in 637 after the Battle of the Iron Bridge and later it came under the control of the Umayyad and Abbasid Arab dynasties. It was then reconquered by the Byzantines under Nikephoros II Phokas but later conquered by the Seljuk Turks under general Afşin Bey after the Battle of Manzikert which resulted in a disastrous defeat for the Byzantines. It played an important role in the capture of the city by the Crusaders in 1098, to be known as Soudin. The area was known as Svediye.
There were originally six Armenian villages; Bityas, Kabousiye, Haji Habibly, Kheder Beg, Yoghoun Olouk and Vakif. After the French government agreed to cede Hatay Province to Turkey in 1939, all Armenian villagers (with the exception of some from Vakif) emigrated to Anjar, Lebanon. Vakıflı, the village's modern name, is the only remaining Armenian village in Turkey, with 103 inhabitants (2022).
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