Scott Camil (born May 19, 1946) is an American political activist. He first gained prominence as an opponent of the Vietnam War, as a witness in the Winter Soldier Investigation and a member of Vietnam Veterans Against the War.

Camil was born in Brooklyn, New York, to Jewish parents with origins in Romania and Russia. His parents were divorced when he was four years old. His mother remarried and he, his mother, stepfather and sister moved to Florida, where two stepbrothers were born. Camil had a troubled childhood, frequently being beaten by his authoritarian stepfather and occasionally getting into fights with school children who would harass him because he was Jewish. He was brought up to believe he lived in the best country in the world and that, as a citizen, he had a duty as a male to go into the military to serve his country after high school. He enrolled in the Marines delayed enlistment program while still in high school and entered boot camp at Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island three days after graduating.

He served with the Marines from 1965 to 1969, earning two Purple Hearts, Combat Action Ribbon, two Presidential Unit Citations, Good Conduct Medal, National Defense Service Medal, Vietnam Service Medal with three stars, Vietnam Cross of Gallantry with Silver Star, Vietnam Cross of Gallantry with Palm Leaf and Vietnam Campaign Medal during two tours in Vietnam. With Charlie Company, 1st Battalion, 1st Marines, 1st Marine Division, he acted as a forward observer for artillery. He was a sergeant when honorably discharged.^{[citation needed]}

After his discharge from military service, Camil enrolled with Miami-Dade Community College on the G.I. Bill and later transferred to the University of Florida. In a 2005 interview with UF's Samuel Proctor Oral History Program, he recounted that as a student he went to see Jane Fonda speak "to see what a movie star looked like." Fonda spoke on the importance of an informed public in a democracy, and said, as paraphrased by Camil, "that it was the duty of every patriotic Vietnam veteran to make the truth known to the public." Camil agreed with that. He also felt that his sacrifices as a soldier had gone unrecognized in contrast to those of soldiers in past wars, saying, "I got two Purple Hearts, I was wounded, I killed lots of people [and] where was my thanks?"

He soon learned about the Winter Soldier Investigation and became active in the Vietnam Veterans Against the War, later becoming a chapter leader. He graduated from UF while on trial as one of the "Gainesville Eight."

Recognized by the FBI as an "extremist and key activist," Camil was on President Nixon's "enemies list." On December 22, 1971, FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover sent a classified memo to the Jacksonville office regarding Camil, referring to him as an "extremely dangerous and unstable individual whose activities must be neutralized at earliest possible time." Other memos about Camil used the same word, neutralize, less ambiguously, "Jacksonville continue to press vigorously to insure (sic) that all necessary action taken to completely neutralize subject without delay." Camil explained, "When you pin the government down, they'll say, "Well, 'neutralize' just means to render useless. But if you talk to guys in the field, they say it means to kill." Camil was shot by federal agents on March 31, 1975, in a drug sting and nearly died.

Camil became the Florida Coordinator for the VVAW and was one of the most outspoken participants of the 1971 Winter Soldier Investigation in which returning personnel recounted the atrocities they had been induced into committing against combatants and non-combatants alike. Camil (also referred to as "Camile" in the transcripts) testified of:

burning of villages with civilians in them, the cutting off of ears, cutting off of heads, torturing of prisoners, calling in of artillery on villages for games, corpsmen killing wounded prisoners, napalm dropped on villages, women being raped, women and children being massacred, CS gas used on people, animals slaughtered, Chieu Hoi passes rejected and the people holding them shot, bodies shoved out of helicopters, tear-gassing people for fun and running civilian vehicles off the road.