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Secondary education in Japan
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Secondary education in Japan
Secondary education in Japan is split into junior high schools (中学校, chūgakkō), which cover the seventh through ninth grade, and senior high schools (高等学校, kōtōgakkō), abbreviated to 高校 (kōkō), which mostly cover grades ten through twelve.
Lower-secondary schools cover grades seven, eight, and nine. Ages are 12/13 through 14/15 years old with increased focus on academic studies. Although it is possible to leave the formal education system after completing lower secondary school and find employment, fewer than 4% did so by the late 1980s.[citation needed]
Most junior high schools in the 1980s were government-funded public schools; 5% were private schools. At ¥552,592 (US$5,035.01) per pupil, private schools had a per-student cost that was four times as high as public schools.
Instruction tends to rely on the lecture method. Teachers also use other media, such as television and radio, and laboratory work is often involved. By 1989, about 45% of all public lower-secondary schools had computers, including schools that used them only for administrative purposes. Classroom organization is still based on small work groups, although no longer for reasons of discipline. Students are expected to have mastered daily routines and acceptable behavior.
Teachers usually major in the subjects they teach. Each class is assigned a homeroom teacher who doubles as counselor. Unlike elementary students, junior high school students have different teachers for different subjects. The subject teachers usually move to a new room for each 50-minute period. Usually, students' lunch is provided by the school itself.
All course contents are specified in the Course of Study for Lower-Secondary Schools curriculum. Some subjects, such as Japanese language and mathematics, are coordinated with the elementary curriculum. The curriculum covers Japanese language, English, social studies, mathematics, science, music, fine arts, industrial arts, homemaking, health, and physical education. Moral education and special activities continue to receive attention.
The minimum number of school days in a year is 210 in Japan, compared to 180 in the United States. A significant part of the school calendar is taken up by non-academic events such as sports days and school trips.
Many students participate in after-school clubs. Sports clubs, such as baseball, are especially popular among boys, while wind bands are one of the most popular clubs for girls. Football (soccer) clubs are gaining popularity. Other popular sports clubs include tennis, basketball, gymnastics, judo and volleyball. In every sport, many games are held between schools and at the regional level, so students have opportunities to compete.
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Secondary education in Japan
Secondary education in Japan is split into junior high schools (中学校, chūgakkō), which cover the seventh through ninth grade, and senior high schools (高等学校, kōtōgakkō), abbreviated to 高校 (kōkō), which mostly cover grades ten through twelve.
Lower-secondary schools cover grades seven, eight, and nine. Ages are 12/13 through 14/15 years old with increased focus on academic studies. Although it is possible to leave the formal education system after completing lower secondary school and find employment, fewer than 4% did so by the late 1980s.[citation needed]
Most junior high schools in the 1980s were government-funded public schools; 5% were private schools. At ¥552,592 (US$5,035.01) per pupil, private schools had a per-student cost that was four times as high as public schools.
Instruction tends to rely on the lecture method. Teachers also use other media, such as television and radio, and laboratory work is often involved. By 1989, about 45% of all public lower-secondary schools had computers, including schools that used them only for administrative purposes. Classroom organization is still based on small work groups, although no longer for reasons of discipline. Students are expected to have mastered daily routines and acceptable behavior.
Teachers usually major in the subjects they teach. Each class is assigned a homeroom teacher who doubles as counselor. Unlike elementary students, junior high school students have different teachers for different subjects. The subject teachers usually move to a new room for each 50-minute period. Usually, students' lunch is provided by the school itself.
All course contents are specified in the Course of Study for Lower-Secondary Schools curriculum. Some subjects, such as Japanese language and mathematics, are coordinated with the elementary curriculum. The curriculum covers Japanese language, English, social studies, mathematics, science, music, fine arts, industrial arts, homemaking, health, and physical education. Moral education and special activities continue to receive attention.
The minimum number of school days in a year is 210 in Japan, compared to 180 in the United States. A significant part of the school calendar is taken up by non-academic events such as sports days and school trips.
Many students participate in after-school clubs. Sports clubs, such as baseball, are especially popular among boys, while wind bands are one of the most popular clubs for girls. Football (soccer) clubs are gaining popularity. Other popular sports clubs include tennis, basketball, gymnastics, judo and volleyball. In every sport, many games are held between schools and at the regional level, so students have opportunities to compete.
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