Shoshoni, also written as Shoshoni-Gosiute and Shoshone (/ʃoʊˈʃoʊni/, shoh-SHOH-nee; Shoshoni orthography: Sosoni' ta̲i̲kwappe, newe ta̲i̲kwappe or neme ta̲i̲kwappeh), is a Uto-Aztecan language from the Numic branch spoken in the Western United States by the Shoshone. Shoshoni is primarily spoken in the Great Basin in areas of Wyoming, Utah, Nevada, and Idaho.

The phonemes of Shoshoni are few, but a wide range of allophones appear in the spoken language. The language has six vowels distinctions (including one that is underlyingly a diphthong), which are each also distinguished by length. Shoshoni is strongly suffixing, inflecting nouns for number and case, and distinguishes verbs for aspect and tense. Word order is relatively free, but shows a preference toward subject–object–verb word order order.

The endonyms newe ta̲i̲kwappe and Sosoni' ta̲i̲kwappe mean "the people's language" and "the Shoshoni language", respectively. Shoshoni is classified as threatened, although attempts at language revitalization are underway.

Shoshoni is the northernmost member of the large Uto-Aztecan language family, with the Northern Shoshone living in the Snake River plain of southern Idaho. This family includes nearly sixty living languages, which are spoken in Western United States, are centered in Mexico, and have branches in El Salvador in the very northernmost part of South America. The homeland of its common ancestor was likely Aridoamerica, which includes parts of northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States.

Shoshoni belongs to the Numic subbranch of Uto-Aztecan, which is associated with the historical Aridoamerica cultural region. The term Numic derives from cognates in all Numic languages denoting "person". For example, in Shoshoni the word is neme [nɨw̃ɨ] or, depending on the dialect, newe [nɨwɨ], in Timbisha it is nümü [nɨwɨ], and in Southern Paiute, nuwuvi [nuwuβi].

Shoshoni's closest relatives are the Central Numic languages Timbisha and Comanche. Timbisha, or Panamint, is spoken in southeastern California near Death Valley by members of the Timbisha, but it is considered a distinct language from Shoshoni. The Comanche split from the Shoshone around 1700, and consonant changes over the past few centuries have limited the mutual intelligibility of Comanche and Shoshoni.

Principal dialects of Shoshoni are Western Shoshoni in Nevada, Gosiute in western Utah, Northern Shoshoni in southern Idaho and northern Utah, and Eastern Shoshoni in Wyoming. The main differences between these dialects are phonological.

The number of people who speak Shoshoni has been steadily dwindling since the late 20th century. In the early 21st century, fluent speakers number only several hundred to a few thousand people, while an additional population of about 1,000 know the language to some degree but are not fluent. The Duck Valley and Gosiute communities have established programs to teach the language to their children. Ethnologue lists Shoshoni as "threatened" as it notes that many of the speakers are 50 and older. UNESCO has classified the Shoshoni language as "severely endangered" in Idaho, Utah, and Wyoming. The language is still being taught to children in a small number of isolated locations. The tribes have a strong interest in language revitalization, but efforts to preserve the language are scattered, with little coordination. However, literacy in Shoshoni is increasing. Shoshoni dictionaries have been published and portions of the Bible were translated in 1986.